Brébion Gildas, Ohlsen Ruth I, Pilowsky Lyn S, David Anthony S
Institute of Psychiatry, King's College.
Neuropsychology. 2008 May;22(3):383-389. doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.22.3.383.
An association between hallucinations and reality-monitoring deficit has been repeatedly observed in patients with schizophrenia. Most data concern auditory/verbal hallucinations. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between visual hallucinations and a specific type of reality-monitoring deficit, namely confusion between imagined and perceived pictures.
Forty-one patients with schizophrenia and 43 healthy control participants completed a reality-monitoring task. Thirty-two items were presented either as written words or as pictures. After the presentation phase, participants had to recognize the target words and pictures among distractors, and then remember their mode of presentation.
All groups of participants recognized the pictures better than the words, except the patients with visual hallucinations, who presented the opposite pattern. The participants with visual hallucinations made more misattributions to pictures than did the others, and higher ratings of visual hallucinations were correlated with increased tendency to remember words as pictures. No association with auditory hallucinations was revealed.
Our data suggest that visual hallucinations are associated with confusion between visual mental images and perception.
精神分裂症患者中幻觉与现实监测缺陷之间的关联已被反复观察到。大多数数据涉及听觉/言语幻觉。本研究的目的是调查视觉幻觉与一种特定类型的现实监测缺陷之间的关联，即想象图片与感知图片之间的混淆。
41名精神分裂症患者和43名健康对照参与者完成了一项现实监测任务。32个项目以书面文字或图片的形式呈现。在呈现阶段之后，参与者必须在干扰项中识别目标单词和图片，然后记住它们的呈现方式。
除了有视觉幻觉的患者呈现出相反的模式外，所有参与者组识别图片的能力都比识别单词的能力更好。有视觉幻觉的参与者比其他人更容易将单词错误归因于图片，并且视觉幻觉评分越高，将单词误记为图片的倾向就越大。未发现与听觉幻觉有关联。
我们的数据表明，视觉幻觉与视觉心理图像和感知之间的混淆有关。
