Sardón Prado O, Morera G, Herdman M, Moreno Galdó A, Pérez-Yarza E G, Detmar S, Fekkes M, Rajmil L
Unidad de Neumología Infantil, Hospital Donostia, San Sebastián, España.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2008 May;68(5):420-4. doi: 10.1157/13120037.
To obtain a Spanish version of the TNO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life Questionnaire (TAPQOL) that would be both semantically and culturally equivalent to the original.
The TAPQOL questionnaire was designed to measure health-related quality of life in children aged 3 months to 5 years and contains 43 questions distributed in 12 subdimensions. The Spanish version was obtained by using the forward/back-translation method with expert, bilingual translators. Cognitive debriefing interviews were carried out with the parents of healthy children and with those of children with respiratory disease.
During the adaptation phase, four items were modified after input from the authors of the original version to retain the meaning of the original. At the end of the adaptation process, 37 of the 43 items were classified as A, i.e. without difficulty in the adaptation. Four mothers and two fathers participated in the cognitive debriefing interviews. Four had secondary level education, and two had university level education. Their children were aged between 16 and 60 months. The average time taken to complete the questionnaire was 13.5 minutes. No comprehension problems regarding the questionnaire's content were found, and no items were modified after this phase of the study. The mothers of children with respiratory disease considered the questions related to their children's symptoms to be appropriate.
The Spanish version of the TAPQOL has proven to be acceptable and culturally equivalent to the original version. Future studies should investigate the psychometric properties of this questionnaire and compare them with those of the original version.
获取《TNO-AZL 学龄前儿童生活质量问卷》（TAPQOL）的西班牙语版本，使其在语义和文化上与原版等效。
TAPQOL 问卷旨在测量 3 个月至 5 岁儿童与健康相关的生活质量，包含 43 个问题，分布在 12 个维度中。西班牙语版本通过由专业的双语翻译人员采用正向/反向翻译法获得。对健康儿童的父母以及患有呼吸系统疾病儿童的父母进行了认知反馈访谈。
在改编阶段，根据原版作者的意见对 4 个项目进行了修改，以保留原文含义。在改编过程结束时，43 个项目中的 37 个被归类为 A 级，即改编过程没有困难。4 名母亲和 2 名父亲参与了认知反馈访谈。4 人具有中学教育水平，2 人具有大学教育水平。他们的孩子年龄在 16 至 60 个月之间。完成问卷的平均时间为 13.5 分钟。未发现对问卷内容有理解问题，且在研究的此阶段后没有项目被修改。患有呼吸系统疾病儿童的母亲认为与孩子症状相关的问题是恰当的。
TAPQOL 的西班牙语版本已被证明是可接受的，并且在文化上与原版等效。未来的研究应调查该问卷的心理测量特性，并将其与原版的特性进行比较。
