Brutus L, Schneider D, Postigo J, Romero M, Santalla J, Chippaux J P
IRD UR010, Research Unit Mother's and Child's Health in Tropical Environment, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, La Paz, Bolivia.
Acta Trop. 2008 Jun;106(3):195-9. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.03.009. Epub 2008 Mar 27.
The authors carried out a 1-year study of a population of pregnant women delivering at Bermejo hospital, South Bolivia. In this area, vectorial transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi is negligible and women infect themselves during displacements in close endemic areas. The prevalence of T. cruzi in 508 pregnant women, diagnosed by several serological tests, was 33.9%. In eight infants, we observed T. cruzi in the umbilical cord (congenital transmission rate of 5.2%). The means of birth weights, lengths and hemoglobin rates were similar in the children from both seronegative and seropositive women, and in children infected or not by T. cruzi. This study could confirm a less severity of the congenital disease of Chagas in the absence of re-infestation of the mother during pregnancy. Serological screening of pregnant women by rapid diagnostic tests and examination of babies born from seropositive mothers by microhematocrit method at birth is a suitable strategy to detect and prevent congenital Chagas disease in non-endemic areas.
作者对在玻利维亚南部贝梅霍医院分娩的孕妇群体进行了为期一年的研究。在该地区，克氏锥虫的媒介传播可忽略不计，女性在靠近流行区的活动期间感染自身。通过多种血清学检测诊断的508名孕妇中，克氏锥虫的患病率为33.9%。在八名婴儿中，我们在脐带中观察到克氏锥虫（先天性传播率为5.2%）。血清阴性和血清阳性女性的孩子，以及感染或未感染克氏锥虫的孩子，其出生体重、身长和血红蛋白率的均值相似。这项研究可以证实在孕期母亲没有再次感染的情况下，恰加斯先天性疾病的严重程度较低。通过快速诊断检测对孕妇进行血清学筛查，并在出生时通过微量血细胞比容法对血清阳性母亲所生婴儿进行检查，是在非流行区检测和预防先天性恰加斯病的合适策略。
