Benichou J
Département de Biostatistique et Informatique Médicale, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
Stat Med. 1991 Nov;10(11):1753-73. doi: 10.1002/sim.4780101113.
In the 1980's, progress was made in adjusting estimates of the attributable risk (AR) for confounding factors and in calculating associated confidence intervals. In this paper, methods of adjustment for estimation of the AR in case-control studies are reviewed. The limitations and problems associated with two methods based on stratification, the weighted-sum approach and the Mantel-Haenszel approach, are discussed. They include small-sample bias with the weighted-sum approach and the difficulty of taking interaction into account with the Mantel-Haenszel approach. A third method based on logistic regression is reviewed. It is argued that this latter method has the greatest generality and flexibility, and includes the two other approaches as special cases. Throughout the paper, an example of a case-control study of oesophageal cancer illustrates the use of the methods described.
20世纪80年代，在调整混杂因素归因风险（AR）估计值及计算相关置信区间方面取得了进展。本文回顾了病例对照研究中AR估计的调整方法。讨论了基于分层的两种方法（加权和法与Mantel-Haenszel法）的局限性和问题。这些问题包括加权和法的小样本偏差以及Mantel-Haenszel法难以考虑交互作用。还回顾了基于逻辑回归的第三种方法。有人认为后一种方法具有最大的通用性和灵活性，并将其他两种方法作为特殊情况包含在内。在整篇论文中，一项食管癌病例对照研究的实例说明了所描述方法的应用。
