Holtgraves Thomas M, Kashima Yoshihisa
Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2008 Feb;12(1):73-94. doi: 10.1177/1088868307309605. Epub 2007 Dec 26.
Social cognition is meant to examine the process of meaningful social interaction. Despite the central involvement of language in this process, language has not received the focal attention that it deserves. Conceptualizing meaningful social interaction as the process of construction and exchange of meaning, the authors argue that language can be productively construed as a semiotic tool, a tool for meaning making and exchange, and that language use can produce unintended consequences in its users. First, the article shows a particular instance of language use to be a collaborative process that influences the representation of meaning in the speaker, the listener, and the collective that includes both the speaker and listener. It then argues that language use and social cognition may have reciprocal effects in the long run and may have significant implications for generating and maintaining cultural differences in social cognition.
社会认知旨在考察有意义的社会互动过程。尽管语言在这一过程中起着核心作用，但它并未得到应有的重点关注。作者们将有意义的社会互动概念化为意义构建与交流的过程，认为语言可以被有效地理解为一种符号工具，一种意义创造与交流的工具，并且语言使用会在使用者身上产生意想不到的后果。首先，本文展示了语言使用的一个具体实例是一个协作过程，它会影响说话者、倾听者以及包括说话者和倾听者在内的集体中的意义表征。接着，本文认为从长远来看，语言使用和社会认知可能会产生相互影响，并且可能对社会认知中文化差异的产生和维持具有重大意义。
