Phillips T J, Burkhart-Kasch S, Crabbe J C
Veterans Administration Medical Center Research Service (151W), Portland, OR.
Alcohol Alcohol Suppl. 1991;1:109-13.
FAST and SLOW mice were selectively bred for differential sensitivity to the acute locomotor stimulant effects of alcohol. On average, FAST mice are stimulated by low alcohol doses, while SLOW mice are depressed or unaffected. We report here that, with chronic treatment, SLOW mice develop tolerance to an acute depressant effect, and subsequently exhibit a stimulant response. No evidence was obtained for tolerance to alcohol's stimulant effects during chronic exposure of FAST mice. However, evidence for the development of a sensitized response was found. If locomotor stimulation reflects reinforcement, and models the alcohol-induced euphoria reported by man, perhaps the absence of tolerance development to reinforcing effects provide a strong impetus for the development of alcoholism.
快速和慢速小鼠是通过对酒精急性运动刺激作用的不同敏感性进行选择性培育的。平均而言，低剂量酒精会刺激快速小鼠，而慢速小鼠则会受到抑制或无影响。我们在此报告，经过长期治疗，慢速小鼠对急性抑制作用产生耐受性，并随后表现出刺激反应。在快速小鼠长期接触酒精期间，未获得对酒精刺激作用产生耐受性的证据。然而，发现了产生敏感化反应的证据。如果运动刺激反映了强化作用，并模拟了人类报告的酒精引起的欣快感，那么对强化作用缺乏耐受性的发展可能为酒精中毒的发展提供了强大的推动力。
