Townsend Marilyn S, Sylva Kathryn, Martin Anna, Metz Diane, Wooten-Swanson Patti
Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616-8669, USA.
J Nutr Educ Behav. 2008 May-Jun;40(3):181-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2007.06.011.
Literacy is an issue for many low-income audiences. Using visual information processing theories, the goal was improving readability of a food behavior checklist and ultimately improving its ability to accurately capture existing changes in dietary behaviors. Using group interviews, low-income clients (n = 18) evaluated 4 visual styles. The text plus color photographs style was preferred over the other 3 visual styles: text only, text plus black and white line drawings, and text plus gray-scale photographs. Employing cognitive interviewing in an iterative process, clients (n = 25) recommended simplifying text for 10 items, modifying content for 15 of 16 visuals, and replacing text with visual content for 7 of 16 items. Professional staff (n = 7) and educators (n = 10) verified that visuals and revised text accurately reflected the content of each item. Clients reported that the revised checklist captured their attention, added pleasure to the evaluation process, improved their understanding of the behaviors in question, and facilitated comprehension of text. Readability scores improved by more than 2 grades. This process can be duplicated by others interested in enhancing the quality of existing evaluation tools.
识字能力对许多低收入人群来说是个问题。运用视觉信息处理理论，目标是提高一份饮食行为清单的可读性，并最终提高其准确捕捉饮食行为现有变化的能力。通过小组访谈，低收入客户（n = 18）对4种视觉风格进行了评估。文字加彩色照片的风格比其他3种视觉风格更受青睐：纯文字、文字加黑白线条图以及文字加灰度照片。在一个迭代过程中采用认知访谈，客户（n = 25）建议简化10项内容的文字，修改16幅视觉材料中15幅的内容，并将16项内容中的7项文字替换为视觉内容。专业人员（n = 7）和教育工作者（n = 10）证实，视觉材料和修订后的文字准确反映了每个条目的内容。客户报告称，修订后的清单吸引了他们的注意力，为评估过程增添了乐趣，增进了他们对相关行为的理解，并便于理解文字内容。可读性分数提高了两个多等级。对那些有兴趣提高现有评估工具质量的人来说，这个过程是可以复制的。
