Michielutte R, Bahnson J, Dignan M B, Schroeder E M
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1084.
J Cancer Educ. 1992;7(3):251-60. doi: 10.1080/08858199209528176.
Research suggests that much of the available health education literature requires a level of reading ability that makes it inaccessible to a large proportion of the population in greatest need of health information. The present study tested the value of illustrations and a narrative text style as means of improving the readability of a brochure designed to provide information on cervical cancer and condyloma. Two versions of the brochure were designed, one that had only text presented as simple sentences in bullet-type format (SMOG reading level score of 7.7), and a second version that had somewhat more difficult text formatted in a narrative style (SMOG grade level score of 8.4) together with drawings designed to complement the text. A randomized study design was used to test for comprehension, perceived ease of understanding, and overall rating of the two brochures. Women selected from one private and three public health primary-care clinics were randomly assigned to read one of the two brochures. The brochure with illustrations and narrative text was given a significantly higher overall rating than the one with bullet-type text and no illustrations, while no difference was found in perceived ease of reading. Among poor readers, comprehension was significantly greater for women who read the brochure with illustrations and narrative text, with no difference in comprehension of the two brochures for better readers. The results suggest that the use of aids such as illustrations and text style can make health education literature more accessible to high-risk populations, while remaining interesting enough to appeal to individuals at all levels of reading ability.
研究表明,现有的许多健康教育文献要求具备一定的阅读能力,这使得很大一部分最需要健康信息的人群无法获取这些文献。本研究测试了插图和叙事文本风格作为提高旨在提供宫颈癌和尖锐湿疣信息的宣传册可读性的手段的价值。设计了两个版本的宣传册,一个版本只有以简单句子形式呈现的文本,采用项目符号格式(SMOG阅读水平评分为7.7),另一个版本的文本难度稍大,采用叙事风格编排(SMOG年级水平评分为8.4),并配有旨在补充文本的插图。采用随机研究设计来测试这两种宣传册的理解度、感知理解难易程度和总体评分。从一家私立和三家公立初级保健诊所挑选的女性被随机分配阅读两种宣传册中的一种。配有插图和叙事文本的宣传册的总体评分明显高于只有项目符号式文本且无插图的宣传册,而在感知阅读难易程度方面未发现差异。在阅读能力较差的人群中,阅读配有插图和叙事文本的宣传册的女性的理解度明显更高,而阅读能力较强的人群对两种宣传册的理解度没有差异。结果表明,使用插图和文本风格等辅助手段可以使健康教育文献更容易被高危人群获取,同时保持足够的趣味性以吸引所有阅读能力水平的人。