Pannuti C S, Gingrich R D, Pfaller M A, Wenzel R P
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City.
J Clin Oncol. 1991 Jan;9(1):77-84. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.1.77.
Two hundred seventy-five consecutive patients treated with bone marrow transplantation (BMT) during a 9-year interval were analyzed for the incidence and etiology of nosocomial pneumonia. Cases included adults who acquired pneumonia during the first hospitalization period within 100 days of the transplant. Fifty-five (20%) of the 275 patients developed nosocomial pneumonia, and the crude mortality during the hospitalization period was 74.5%. An etiology was established in 67.3% (37 of 55) of episodes. Thirty-six percent (20 of 55) of the cases were caused by Aspergillus species, either as the sole agent (15 patients) or in association with others. The crude mortality for patients with Aspergillus pneumonia was 95%. Elimination of 90% of Aspergillus cases in our unit would have the effect of reducing the overall attack rate of nosocomial pneumonia to 13.4% and the associated crude mortality to 43.4%.
对9年间连续接受骨髓移植（BMT）治疗的275例患者的医院获得性肺炎发病率和病因进行了分析。病例包括在移植后100天内首次住院期间发生肺炎的成年人。275例患者中有55例（20%）发生了医院获得性肺炎，住院期间的粗死亡率为74.5%。67.3%（55例中的37例）的病例确定了病因。36%（55例中的20例）的病例由曲霉菌引起，要么作为唯一病原体（15例患者），要么与其他病原体共同引起。曲霉菌性肺炎患者的粗死亡率为95%。在我们单位消除90%的曲霉菌病例将使医院获得性肺炎的总体发病率降至13.4%，相关粗死亡率降至43.4%。
