M'ghirbi Y, Hurtado A, Barandika J F, Khlif K, Ketata Z, Bouattour A
Service d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia.
Parasitol Res. 2008 Jul;103(2):435-42. doi: 10.1007/s00436-008-0995-3. Epub 2008 May 7.
Between October and November 2006, a total of 278 bovine blood samples were examined, and 104 (37.4%) were positive for piroplasms by microscopy. A reverse line blot hybridisation with polymerase chain reaction detected Theileria annulata, T. buffeli, Babesia bovis and B. bigemina in cattle accounting for 48.6% of positive samples. The most frequently found species was T. buffeli, which was present in 39.2% of the samples. T. annulata was found in 48 samples (17.3%). Babesia infections were less frequently detected: B. bovis was found in 6.8% of the samples and B. bigemina in 4.3%. Mixed infections were detected in 45 samples, accounting for seven different combinations of species. Seven Ixodid tick species (Boophilus annulatus, Ixodes ricinus, Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma excavatum, Hyalomma detritum, Haemaphysalis punctata and Haemaphysalis sulcata) were collected from examined cattle in the 23 visited farms. I. ricinus was the dominant species (36%), mainly collected in the humid zone, while it seemed to be very rare in the semi-arid zone (where only 15 specimens were collected), whereas B. annulatus was the most commonly collected species in the sub-humid area (68.5% of ticks collected in this zone).
2006年10月至11月期间，共检测了278份牛血样，其中104份（37.4%）通过显微镜检查发现梨形虫呈阳性。聚合酶链反应反向线印迹杂交法在牛中检测到环形泰勒虫、水牛泰勒虫、牛巴贝斯虫和双芽巴贝斯虫，占阳性样本的48.6%。最常发现的物种是水牛泰勒虫，存在于39.2%的样本中。环形泰勒虫在48份样本（17.3%）中被发现。巴贝斯虫感染的检测频率较低：牛巴贝斯虫在6.8%的样本中被发现，双芽巴贝斯虫在4.3%的样本中被发现。在45份样本中检测到混合感染，占7种不同的物种组合。从23个受访农场的受检牛身上采集到7种硬蜱（环形牛蜱、蓖麻硬蜱、边缘璃眼蜱、凹陷璃眼蜱、碎屑璃眼蜱、微小扇头蜱和苏氏扇头蜱）。蓖麻硬蜱是优势种（36%），主要采集于湿润地区，而在半干旱地区似乎非常罕见（仅采集到15只标本），而环形牛蜱是亚湿润地区最常采集到的物种（该地区采集到的蜱中有68.5%是环形牛蜱）。
