Genome. 1995 Apr;38(2):250-4. doi: 10.1139/g95-031.
Tetraploid triticale, (A/B)(A/B)RR (2n = 28), is a botanical novelty, an amphiploid composed of a diploid rye and a 14 chromosome wheat genome made up of chromosomes of the A and B genomes of tetraploid wheat. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were used to elucidate the chromosome composition of the mixed wheat genome of 35 different tetraploid triticale lines. Of 128 possible A/B chromosome pair combinations, only 6 were found among these lines, with a prevalence of the 1A, 2A, 3B, 4B, 5B, 6B, and 7B karyotype. In most triticale lines stable wheat genomes made up of only homologous A or B genome chromosome pairs were identified, however, in some lines homoeologous chromosome pairs were found. In this paper we demonstrate that RFLPs can be used successfully as an alternative to C-banding for the identification of the chromosome composition of tetraploid triticale and discuss the possible selective advantage of specific chromosome composition.
四倍体黑小麦，（A/B）（A/B）RR（2n=28），是一种植物学上的新事物，是由一个二倍体黑麦和一个 14 条染色体的小麦基因组组成的双二倍体，该基因组由四倍体小麦的 A 和 B 基因组的染色体组成。限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）标记被用来阐明 35 种不同四倍体黑小麦品系的混合小麦基因组的染色体组成。在 128 种可能的 A/B 染色体对组合中，仅在这些系中发现了 6 种，其中 1A、2A、3B、4B、5B、6B 和 7B 核型较为普遍。在大多数黑小麦系中，只鉴定到由同源 A 或 B 基因组染色体对组成的稳定小麦基因组，但在一些系中发现了同源染色体对。本文证明 RFLP 可成功替代 C-带用于鉴定四倍体黑小麦的染色体组成，并讨论特定染色体组成的可能选择优势。
