Lorsbach Thomas C, Reimer Jason F
Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 68182-0054, USA.
J Genet Psychol. 2008 Mar;169(1):34-50. doi: 10.3200/GNTP.169.1.34-50.
T. S. Braver and colleagues (e.g., T. S. Braver, J. D. Cohen, & D. M. Barch, 2002) have provided a theory of cognitive control that focuses on the role of context processing. According to their theory, an underlying context-processing mechanism is responsible for the cognitive control functions of attention, inhibition, and working memory. In the present study, the authors examined whether T. S. Braver et al.'s theory can account for developmental differences in cognitive control. The authors compared the performance of children (M age = 11.9 years, SD = 0.43 years) with that of young adults (M age = 21.7 years, SD = 3.61 years) on a continuous performance task (AX-CPT) that placed demands on context processing. The results suggest that developmental differences in the cognitive control functions of attention, inhibition, and working memory may be based on age-related changes in an underlying context-processing mechanism.
T. S. 布雷弗及其同事（例如，T. S. 布雷弗、J. D. 科恩和D. M. 巴奇，2002年）提出了一种认知控制理论，该理论聚焦于情境加工的作用。根据他们的理论，一种潜在的情境加工机制负责注意力、抑制和工作记忆的认知控制功能。在本研究中，作者考察了T. S. 布雷弗等人的理论是否能够解释认知控制方面的发展差异。作者将儿童（平均年龄 = 11.9岁，标准差 = 0.43岁）与年轻人（平均年龄 = 21.7岁，标准差 = 3.61岁）在一项对情境加工有要求的连续操作任务（AX-CPT）上的表现进行了比较。结果表明，注意力、抑制和工作记忆的认知控制功能方面的发展差异可能基于潜在情境加工机制中与年龄相关的变化。
