Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France.
Sci Rep. 2021 Oct 13;11(1):20368. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-99764-1.
Flexible use of reactive and proactive control according to environmental demands is the key to adaptive behavior. In this study, forty-eight adults performed ten blocks of an AX-CPT task to reveal the strength of proactive control by the calculation of the proactive behavioral index (PBI). They also filled out the UPPS questionnaire to assess their impulsiveness. The median-split method based on the global UPPS score distribution was used to categorize participants as having high (HI) or low (LI) impulsiveness traits. The analyses revealed that the PBI was negatively correlated with the UPPS scores, suggesting that the higher is the impulsiveness, the weaker the dominance of proactive control processes. We showed, at an individual level, that the PBI increased across blocks and suggested that this effect was due to a smaller decrease in reactive control processes. Notably, the PBI increase was slower in the HI group than in the LI group. Moreover, participants who did not adapt to task demands were all characterized as high impulsive. Overall, the current study demonstrates that (1) impulsiveness is associated with less dominant proactive control due to (2) slower adaptation to task demands (3) driven by a stronger reliance on reactive processes. These findings are discussed in regards to pathological populations.
根据环境需求灵活运用反应性控制和前摄性控制是适应行为的关键。在这项研究中，48 名成年人完成了 10 个 AX-CPT 任务块，通过计算前摄性行为指数（PBI）来揭示前摄性控制的强度。他们还填写了 UPPS 问卷来评估他们的冲动性。基于全球 UPPS 得分分布的中位数分割法将参与者分为高（HI）或低（LI）冲动特质。分析表明，PBI 与 UPPS 得分呈负相关，表明冲动性越高，前摄控制过程的主导作用越弱。我们在个体水平上表明，PBI 随块的增加而增加，并表明这种效应是由于反应性控制过程的减少较小所致。值得注意的是，在 HI 组中，PBI 的增加速度比 LI 组慢。此外，那些不能适应任务需求的参与者都表现出较高的冲动性。总的来说，本研究表明（1）由于（2）对任务需求的适应较慢（3）受到更强的反应性过程的驱动，冲动性与较弱的前摄性控制相关。这些发现与病理人群有关。
