Epton Michael J, Dawson Robin D, Brooks Wendy M, Kingham Simon, Aberkane Teresa, Cavanagh Jo-Anne E, Frampton Christopher M, Hewitt Tracey, Cook Julie M, McLeod Susan, McCartin Fiona, Trought Katherine, Brown Leslie
Canterbury Respiratory Research Group, Department of Medicine, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
Environ Health. 2008 May 14;7:16. doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-7-16.
Adverse respiratory effects of particulate air pollution have been identified by epidemiological studies. We aimed to examine the health effects of ambient particulate air pollution from wood burning on school-age students in Christchurch, New Zealand, and to explore the utility of urine and exhaled breath condensate biomarkers of exposure in this population.
A panel study of 93 male students (26 with asthma) living in the boarding house of a metropolitan school was undertaken in the winter of 2004. Indoor and outdoor pollution data was continuously monitored. Longitudinal assessment of lung function (FEV1 and peak flow) and symptoms were undertaken, with event studies of high pollution on biomarkers of exposure (urinary 1-hydroxypyrene) and effect (exhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH and hydrogen peroxide concentration).
Peak levels of air pollution were associated with small but statistically significant effects on lung function in the asthmatic students, but not healthy students. No significant effect of pollution could be seen either on airway inflammation and oxidative stress either in healthy students or students with asthma. Minor increases in respiratory symptoms were associated with high pollution exposure. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels were raised in association with pollution events by comparison with low pollution control days.
There is no significant effect of ambient wood-smoke particulate air pollution on lung function of healthy school-aged students, but a small effect on respiratory symptoms. Asthmatic students show small effects of peak pollution levels on lung function. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene shows potential as a biomarker of exposure to wood smoke in this population; however measurement of EBC pH and hydrogen peroxide appears not to be useful for assessment of population health effects of air pollution.Some of the data presented in this paper has previously been published in Kingham and co-workers Atmospheric Environment, 2006 Jan; 40: 338-347 (details of pollution exposure), and Cavanagh and co-workers Sci Total Environ. 2007 Mar 1;374(1):51-9 (urine hydroxypyrene data).
流行病学研究已证实了颗粒物空气污染对呼吸系统的不良影响。我们旨在研究新西兰克赖斯特彻奇市木材燃烧产生的环境颗粒物空气污染对学龄学生健康的影响，并探索尿液和呼出气冷凝物暴露生物标志物在该人群中的效用。
2004年冬季，对一所大城市学校寄宿宿舍中的93名男学生（26名患有哮喘）进行了一项队列研究。持续监测室内和室外污染数据。对肺功能（第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）和峰值流速）和症状进行纵向评估，并对高污染事件对暴露生物标志物（尿中1-羟基芘）和效应生物标志物（呼出气冷凝物（EBC）pH值和过氧化氢浓度）的影响进行事件研究。
空气污染峰值水平对哮喘学生的肺功能有微小但具有统计学意义的影响，但对健康学生无此影响。无论是健康学生还是哮喘学生，污染对气道炎症和氧化应激均无显著影响。高污染暴露与呼吸道症状的轻微增加有关。与低污染对照日相比，污染事件发生时尿中1-羟基芘水平升高。
环境中木材烟雾颗粒物空气污染对健康学龄学生的肺功能无显著影响，但对呼吸道症状有微小影响。哮喘学生表现出污染峰值水平对肺功能有微小影响。尿中1-羟基芘在该人群中显示出作为木材烟雾暴露生物标志物的潜力；然而，EBC pH值和过氧化氢的测量似乎对评估空气污染对人群健康的影响并无用处。本文呈现的部分数据先前已发表于金厄姆及其同事的《大气环境》，2006年1月；40: 338 - 347（污染暴露细节），以及卡瓦纳及其同事的《科学·总环境》。2007年3月1日；374(1):51 - 9（尿中羟基芘数据）。
