Cuevas Oscar, Cercenado Emilia, Goyanes María José, Vindel Ana, Trincado Pilar, Boquete Teresa, Marín Mercedes, Bouza Emilio
Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2008 May;26(5):269-77. doi: 10.1157/13120413.
Since 1986 we have carried out five nationwide point-prevalence studies in Spain analyzing Staphylococcus spp. The 2006 data, corresponding to the sixth study, are presented herein.
A total of 145 hospitals from all geographic areas of the country participated in the study. We investigated 866 staphylococcal isolates (463 S. aureus). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed against 16 antimicrobials by an automated microdilution method. Susceptibility to tigecycline was determined by the E-test method.
Resistance of S. aureus to oxacillin seemed to have stabilized (31.2% in 2002 vs. 29.2% in 2006), and the same was true for resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin and ciprofloxacin. In 2006, isolates were more susceptible to gentamicin (16.9% resistance in 2002 vs. 8.6% in 2006, P < 0.001). None of the isolates presented decreased susceptibility to vancomycin, and the resistance to cotrimoxazole (0.9%) and rifampin (0.6%) was minimal. One isolate showed linezolid resistance. Resistance of coagulase negative staphylococci to oxacillin (61.3% in 2002 vs. 66.7% in 2006) and erythromycin (63.0% in 2002 vs. 66.5% in 2006) remained stable, although resistance to gentamicin (27.8% in 2002 vs. 44.2% in 2006, P < 0.001), ciprofloxacin (44.9% in 2002 vs. 54.3% in 2006, P = 0.010) and clindamycin (33.8% in 2002 vs. 46.2% in 2006, P = 0.001) has increased. Two isolates presented decreased susceptibility to teicoplanin and one was linezolid-resistant. All Staphylococcus spp. were uniformly susceptible to quinupristin-dalfopristin and tigecycline.
Resistance of Staphylococcus spp. to oxacillin remains high in Spain, but seems to have stabilized in the last years. Linezolid resistance is emerging.
自1986年以来，我们在西班牙开展了五项全国性的现患率研究，分析葡萄球菌属。本文展示了2006年第六项研究的数据。
来自该国所有地理区域的145家医院参与了该研究。我们调查了866株葡萄球菌分离株（463株金黄色葡萄球菌）。通过自动微量稀释法对16种抗菌药物进行了药敏试验。采用E-test法测定对替加环素的敏感性。
金黄色葡萄球菌对苯唑西林的耐药性似乎已趋于稳定（2002年为31.2%，2006年为29.2%），对红霉素、克林霉素和环丙沙星的耐药性情况也是如此。2006年，分离株对庆大霉素更敏感（2002年耐药率为16.9%，2006年为8.6%，P<0.001）。没有分离株对万古霉素的敏感性降低，对复方新诺明（0.9%）和利福平（0.6%）的耐药性最低。有一株分离株显示对利奈唑胺耐药。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对苯唑西林（2002年为61.3%，2006年为6键，P = 0.010）和克林霉素（2002年为33.8%，2006年为46.2%，P = 0.001）的耐药性有所增加。有两株分离株对替考拉宁的敏感性降低，一株对利奈唑胺耐药。所有葡萄球菌属对奎奴普丁-达福普汀和替加环素均敏感。
在西班牙，葡萄球菌属对苯唑西林的耐药性仍然很高，但在过去几年中似乎已趋于稳定。利奈唑胺耐药性正在出现。 6.7%）和红霉素（2002年为63.0%，2006年为66.5%）的耐药性保持稳定，尽管对庆大霉素（2002年为27.8%，2006年为44.2%，P<0.001）、环丙沙星（2002年为44.9%，2006年为54.3%
需注意，原文中“6键”表述有误，已按正确理解翻译。
