1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
2Area de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2018 Feb 17;7:24. doi: 10.1186/s13756-018-0318-0. eCollection 2018.
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant (MSSA and MRSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSE) nasopharyngeal carriage among Doctors of Podiatric Medicine (Podiatrists) and to determine the potential risk factors.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2016-2017 among 239 podiatrists in Spain. The presence of MSSA, MRSA, and MRSE was determined by microbiological analysis of nasal exudate and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined. Each podiatrist completed a questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised various parameters such as sex, age, podiatry experience duration, underlying diseases, prior antibiotic treatment, hospitalization during the last year, and use of a protective mask, an aspiration system, or gloves.
The prevalence of MSSA, MRSA, and MRSE was 23.0%, 1.3%, and 23.8%, respectively. The MSSA prevalence was higher among podiatrists who did not use an aspiration system (32.3%) compared to those who did (19.3%; = 0.0305), and among podiatrists with respiratory diseases (36.8%) compared to those without (20.8%; = 0.0272). The MRSE prevalence was higher among men (33.7%) compared to women (8.6%; = 0.0089), podiatrists aged ≥50 (38.5%) compared to ≤35 (17.8%; = 0.0101), and podiatrists with ≥15 (39.3%) compared to ≤5 years of podiatry experience (12.5%; = 0.0015). Among the strains, 84.5% were resistant to penicillin, 22.4% to erythromycin, 20.7% to clindamycin, and 12.7% to mupirocin. The MRSE strains were resistant to penicillin (93.0%), erythromycin (78.9%), and mupirocin (73.7%).
The prevalence of and nasal carriage is low among Spanish podiatrists compared to other health professionals.
本研究旨在估计足病医生（足病医生）中耐甲氧西林敏感和耐药（MSSA 和 MRSA）以及耐甲氧西林的表皮葡萄球菌（MRSE）鼻咽携带的患病率，并确定潜在的危险因素。
2016-2017 年在西班牙对 239 名足病医生进行了横断面研究。通过鼻分泌物的微生物分析确定 MSSA、MRSA 和 MRSE 的存在，并确定抗生素敏感性。每位足病医生都完成了一份问卷。问卷包括性别、年龄、足病治疗经验持续时间、潜在疾病、既往抗生素治疗、去年住院治疗以及使用保护口罩、抽吸系统或手套等各种参数。
MSSA、MRSA 和 MRSE 的患病率分别为 23.0%、1.3%和 23.8%。未使用抽吸系统的足病医生（32.3%）MSSA 患病率高于使用抽吸系统的足病医生（19.3%）（=0.0305），有呼吸系统疾病的足病医生（36.8%）MSSA 患病率高于无呼吸系统疾病的足病医生（20.8%）（=0.0272）。MRSE 的患病率在男性（33.7%）中高于女性（8.6%）（=0.0089），50 岁及以上的足病医生（38.5%）高于≤35 岁的足病医生（17.8%）（=0.0101），经验≥15 年的足病医生（39.3%）高于经验≤5 年的足病医生（12.5%）（=0.0015）。在菌株中，84.5%对青霉素耐药，22.4%对红霉素耐药，20.7%对克林霉素耐药，12.7%对莫匹罗星耐药。MRSE 菌株对青霉素（93.0%）、红霉素（78.9%）和莫匹罗星（73.7%）耐药。
与其他卫生专业人员相比，西班牙足病医生的鼻咽携带 和 的患病率较低。
