Silva C A, Oliveira Ribeiro C A, Katsumiti A, Araújo M L P, Zandoná E M, Costa Silva G P, Maschio J, Roche H, Silva de Assis H C
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Caixa Postal 19031, CEP 81531-970, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2009 Feb;72(2):400-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.03.009. Epub 2008 May 13.
Fish (Astyanax sp.) were exposed to water samples from the Arroio Saldanha, locality of an oil spill, and the Barigui River (upstream and downstream of the confluence of the river and Arroio Saldanha), Brazil. Histopathological and biochemical biomarkers, as acetylcholinesterase (AchE), ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities, lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, and amounts of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon residues (PAHs) in bile were evaluated. PAHs, metals, and surfactants were investigated in the water samples. CAT and GST activities increased in the Arroio Saldanha sample, whereas CAT activity and LPO levels were increased in the upstream and downstream sites. The results suggested a toxic action of the free radicals and disturbance of the antioxidant defense mechanisms. However, the EROD and AchE activities were not affected. Histopathology studies showed severe lesions. The oil is still bioavailable to biota, moreover, other pollution sources continue to affect the water in the Barigui River.
将鱼类（阿氏霓虹脂鲤属）暴露于来自巴西萨尔达尼亚河（一处石油泄漏地点）以及巴里圭河（该河与萨尔达尼亚河交汇处的上游和下游）的水样中。对组织病理学和生化生物标志物进行了评估，包括乙酰胆碱酯酶（AchE）、乙氧基异吩唑酮 - O - 脱乙基酶（EROD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶（GST）活性、脂质过氧化（LPO）水平以及胆汁中多环芳烃残留物（PAHs）的含量。对水样中的多环芳烃、金属和表面活性剂进行了调查。在萨尔达尼亚河的水样中，CAT和GST活性增加，而在上游和下游地点，CAT活性和LPO水平升高。结果表明自由基具有毒性作用，且抗氧化防御机制受到干扰。然而，EROD和AchE活性未受影响。组织病理学研究显示存在严重病变。此外，石油对生物群仍然具有生物可利用性，其他污染源继续影响着巴里圭河的水质。
