Rowe Matthew S, Dowsett Gary W
New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, USA.
Cult Health Sex. 2008 May;10(4):329-44. doi: 10.1080/13691050701843098.
The decade since highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) arrived has been a time of change for gay men in the West. HIV incidence rates have been levelling off--and in some cities, increasing markedly--for the first time since the early years of the pandemic. New sexual subcultures have found expression, including Internet chat rooms, 'poz-only' sex parties, 'barebacking' and crystal methamphetamine use. These circumstances force a re-evaluation of HIV prevention targeting gay communities. We examine the antecedents of current HIV-prevention dilemmas in findings from a qualitative study of gay men who were personally and professionally engaged in HIV/AIDS in Sydney, Australia, in 1997-1998, immediately after the 'protease moment'. The men's lives were characterized by constant and difficult negotiation of gay subjectivities. They did not find a place of uniform belonging in the gay community; rather, ambivalence--toward the gay community and HIV prevention--and fragmentation emerged as themes. Our findings suggest that by the late 1990s, the ethos of safe sex developed in the early HIV/AIDS period was no longer a unifying cultural value. We explore the conditions that led to this shift and the implications for HIV prevention in the 21st century.
高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）问世后的十年，是西方男同性恋者经历变革的时期。自艾滋病大流行早期以来，艾滋病毒发病率首次趋于平稳，在一些城市还显著上升。新的性亚文化出现了，包括网络聊天室、“仅限艾滋病病毒感染者参加”的性派对、“无保护性行为”以及使用冰毒。这些情况促使人们重新审视针对男同性恋群体的艾滋病毒预防工作。我们通过对1997年至1998年在澳大利亚悉尼亲身参与和专业从事艾滋病毒/艾滋病工作的男同性恋者进行定性研究，来探究当前艾滋病毒预防困境的根源，这一时期正值“蛋白酶时代”刚刚结束。这些男性的生活特点是不断艰难地协商同性恋身份认同。他们在男同性恋群体中找不到完全归属感；相反，对男同性恋群体和艾滋病毒预防的矛盾态度以及分化成为主题。我们的研究结果表明，到20世纪90年代末，艾滋病毒/艾滋病早期形成的安全性行为理念已不再是一种统一的文化价值观。我们探讨了导致这种转变的条件以及对21世纪艾滋病毒预防工作的影响。
