Cherian G
Department of Animal Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA.
Poult Sci. 2008 Jun;87(6):1131-7. doi: 10.3382/ps.2007-00333.
The effects of broiler breeder hen age and dietary n-3 oils on yolk n-3 and n-6 fatty acid composition, egg quality, fertility, and hatchability were investigated. A total of 2,200 eggs were collected from wk 26 through 62 from Cobb breeder hens fed diets containing 1.75% fish oil + 1.75% yellow grease (low n-3) or 3.5% fish oil (high n-3). Eggs obtained from a commercial source were used as the control for n-6 and n-3 fatty acid composition and hatchability studies. A significant decrease in egg weight, yolk weight, shell weight, and yolk color was observed for high n-3 when compared with low n-3 eggs (P < 0.05). No difference was noted in egg total fat content due to dietary treatments. However, egg fat was highest at 42 wk for high and low n-3 eggs when compared with other weeks (P < 0.05). Total n-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3), and the DHA:arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4 n-6) ratios were higher in high n-3 eggs when compared with low n-3 eggs. The incorporation of DHA was lowest at wk 26 and highest at wk 38 for low and high n-3 eggs (P < 0.05). Low n-3 and high n-3 eggs at the oldest age had the highest level of AA (P < 0.05). A positive correlation between hen age and egg yolk AA content was observed. The r(2) values for AA in low n-3 and high n-3 eggs were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively (P < 0.05). The total content of long-chain (>18-C) n-6 PUFA (AA+ 22:4 n-6+22:5 n-6) constituted over 0.3 g per commercial egg when compared with 0.09 and 0.07 g in low and high n-3 eggs, respectively. The content of DHA in commercial eggs was negligible (<0.5%) when compared with low and high n-3 (P < 0.05). The overall fertility was 98.6 and 97.4%, and hatchability of fertile eggs was 80 and 83.8% for low and high n-3 eggs, respectively (P > 0.05). The overall fertility was 96%, and hatchability of fertile eggs was 80% for commercial eggs.
研究了肉种鸡年龄和日粮n-3油对蛋黄n-3和n-6脂肪酸组成、蛋品质、受精率和孵化率的影响。从26周龄至62周龄的科宝种母鸡收集了总共2200枚鸡蛋，这些母鸡饲喂含有1.75%鱼油+1.75%黄色油脂（低n-3）或3.5%鱼油（高n-3）的日粮。从商业来源获得的鸡蛋用作n-6和n-3脂肪酸组成及孵化率研究的对照。与低n-3鸡蛋相比，高n-3鸡蛋的蛋重、蛋黄重、蛋壳重和蛋黄颜色显著降低（P<0.05）。日粮处理对鸡蛋总脂肪含量没有影响。然而，与其他周龄相比，高n-3和低n-3鸡蛋在42周龄时的蛋脂肪含量最高（P<0.05）。与低n-3鸡蛋相比，高n-3鸡蛋中的总n-3脂肪酸、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA，22:6 n-3）以及DHA:花生四烯酸（AA, 20:4 n-6）比值更高。低n-3和高n-3鸡蛋中DHA的掺入量在26周龄时最低，在38周龄时最高（P<0.05）。老龄的低n-3和高n-3鸡蛋中AA含量最高（P<0.05）。观察到母鸡年龄与蛋黄AA含量之间呈正相关。低n-3和高n-3鸡蛋中AA的r(2)值分别为0.91和0.90（P<0.05）。与低n-3和高n-3鸡蛋中分别为0.09 g和0.07 g相比，每枚商品蛋中长链（>18-C）n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（AA+二十二碳四烯酸+二十二碳五烯酸）的总含量超过0.3 g。与低n-3和高n-3鸡蛋相比，商品蛋中DHA的含量可忽略不计（<0.5%）（P<0.05）。低n-3和高n-3鸡蛋的总体受精率分别为98.6%和97.4%，受精蛋的孵化率分别为80%和83.8%（P>0.05）。商品蛋的总体受精率为
