Shim M Y, Pesti G M, Bakalli R I, Edwards H M
Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, USA.
Poult Sci. 2008 Jun;87(6):1138-45. doi: 10.3382/ps.2007-00378.
Two experiments were conducted to determine that variation in broiler P utilization is due to breeder age and egg storage time. Experiment 1 was conducted with chicks hatched from eggs laid by Ross x Ross 308 breeders (27 vs. 61 wk old) and stored for 0 or 10 d. The age of breeders had significant effects (P < 0.05) on 0 to 16 d chick growth (379 +/- 18 vs. 308 +/- 19 for 27- and 61-wk-old breeders, respectively). The longer egg storage time of chicks from older breeders resulted in higher P rickets scores and incidence, but longer egg storage time of chicks from younger breeders resulted in lower P rickets score and incidence (significant interaction, P = 0.0455). The longer egg storage time of chicks from older breeders resulted in lower bone ash (%), and the longer egg storage time of chicks from younger breeders resulted in higher bone ash (%). Experiment 2 was conducted with chicks hatched from eggs laid by Ross x Ross 308 breeders (26 vs. 60 wk old) and stored for 0 or 10 d. The diets were P deficient and with or without 5 microg/g of 1alpha-OH cholecalciferol (1alpha-OH vitamin D(3)). Breeder age had significant effects (P = 0.0003) on 0 to 16 d chick growth (272 +/- 7 vs. 339 +/- 8 for 26- and 60-wk-old breeders, respectively) and chick mortality (P = 0.0134). The P rickets score increased with breeder age (P = 0.0186) and egg storage time (P = 0.1057). The factors influencing the incidence of P rickets in broilers should include breeder age and egg storage time as well as genetics and dietary levels of Ca, P, and vitamin D activity of the P-deficient diets.
进行了两项试验以确定肉鸡磷利用率的差异是由于种鸡年龄和种蛋储存时间所致。试验1使用罗斯308父母代种鸡（27周龄与61周龄）所产种蛋孵化的雏鸡，并将种蛋储存0天或10天。种鸡年龄对0至16日龄雏鸡生长有显著影响（P<0.05）（27周龄和61周龄种鸡所产雏鸡分别为379±18和308±19）。来自老龄种鸡的雏鸡种蛋储存时间延长会导致更高的磷缺乏佝偻病评分和发病率，但来自年轻种鸡的雏鸡种蛋储存时间延长会导致更低的磷缺乏佝偻病评分和发病率（显著交互作用，P=0.0455）。来自老龄种鸡的雏鸡种蛋储存时间延长会导致骨灰分（%）降低，而来自年轻种鸡的雏鸡种蛋储存时间延长会导致骨灰分（%）升高。试验2使用罗斯308父母代种鸡（26周龄与60周龄）所产种蛋孵化的雏鸡，并将种蛋储存0天或10天。日粮为低磷日粮，添加或不添加5μg/g的1α-羟胆钙化醇（1α-羟维生素D3）。种鸡年龄对0至16日龄雏鸡生长（26周龄和60周龄种鸡所产雏鸡分别为272±7和339±8）和雏鸡死亡率（P=0.0134）有显著影响。磷缺乏佝偻病评分随种鸡年龄（P=0.0186）和种蛋储存时间（P=0.1057）增加。影响肉鸡磷缺乏佝偻病发病率的因素应包括种鸡年龄、种蛋储存时间以及遗传因素和低磷日粮中钙、磷的日粮水平和维生素D活性。
