Grigsby K A
University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Omaha 68198-5330.
J Nurs Educ. 1991 Feb;30(2):81-8. doi: 10.3928/0148-4834-19910201-09.
Currently, little is known about organizational climates in schools of nursing, and what structural factors are associated with climate variations. The purpose of this study is to describe the organizational structure and climate, and the interrelationship between these factors, in two schools of nursing. Results indicated that the sample organizations exhibited characteristics of both the bureaucratic and professional models of organizational structure, although one school was more closely aligned to the professional model. Organizational climates differed in the two schools, and the school that structurally resembled the professional model had a more facilitative climate. Organizational structure was significantly (p less than .01) related to the climate dimensions of autonomy (r = -.35), work pressure (r = .49), and control (r = .59). The schools differed significantly (p less than .01) on the climate dimensions of administrative support (t = 3.31, df = 54), autonomy (t = 3.30, df = 56), work pressure (t = -4.36, df = 60), and control (t = -6.74, df = 55). Administrative support and autonomy were higher in the school structurally resembling the professional model, and work pressure and control were higher in the school structurally resembling the bureaucratic model.
目前，人们对护理学院的组织氛围了解甚少，也不清楚哪些结构因素与氛围差异相关。本研究旨在描述两所护理学院的组织结构与氛围，以及这些因素之间的相互关系。结果表明，样本组织呈现出官僚制和专业型两种组织结构的特征，尽管其中一所学校与专业型模式更为契合。两所学校的组织氛围有所不同，在结构上与专业型模式相似的学校氛围更具促进性。组织结构与自主性（r = -0.35）、工作压力（r = 0.49）和控制（r = 0.59）等氛围维度显著相关（p < 0.01）。两所学校在行政支持（t = 3.31，自由度 = 54）、自主性（t = 3.30，自由度 = 56）、工作压力（t = -4.36，自由度 = 60）和控制（t = -6.74，自由度 = 55）等氛围维度上存在显著差异（p < 0.01）。在结构上与专业型模式相似的学校，行政支持和自主性更高；而在结构上与官僚型模式相似的学校，工作压力和控制更高。
