Gauly M, Kanan A, Brandt H, Weigend S, Moors E, Erhardt G
Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Georg August University Göttingen, Albrecht Thaerr Weg 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
Vet Parasitol. 2008 Aug 1;155(1-2):74-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.04.008. Epub 2008 Apr 22.
Groups of White Leghorn and New Hampshire male and female chicks were reared under helminth-free conditions and divided into two groups at an age of 8 weeks. One group was artificially infected with 100 embryonated Heterakis gallinarum eggs, while the other group was kept as uninfected control. After 8 weeks all animals were harvested and worm burden was established. Maximum of 60 worms per bird randomly selected were measured for length. Body weights were recorded at 8 and 16 weeks of age. Total worm burden was significantly (P<0.0001) higher in infected males than in infected females. Furthermore, White Leghorns showed a significantly (P=0.011) higher number of worms when compared with New Hampshire animals. Average worm lengths were not significantly different between the breeds (P=0.155) and sexes (P=0.062). Correlations between worm burden and worm length was 0.08 (P=0.140). The daily weight gains between 8 and 16 weeks of age of the infected animals were significantly (P=0.038) lower when compared with the control group. There was no significant correlation between daily weight gain and worm burden. The estimated heritabilities for logarithm (ln) worm burden were 0.41 (S.E.+/-0.086) in White Leghorn and 0.31 (S.E.+/-0.126) in New Hampshire, respectively. Based on the estimated heritabilities it is possible to select for H. gallinarum resistance in both genetically distinct chicken breeds. This approach may be of importance for chickens kept in floor husbandry systems.
将白来航鸡和新罕布什尔鸡的雄性和雌性雏鸡群体在无蠕虫条件下饲养，并在8周龄时分为两组。一组人工感染100枚感染期鸡异刺线虫卵，另一组作为未感染对照。8周后，处死所有动物并确定蠕虫负荷。随机选取每只鸡最多60条蠕虫测量长度。在8周龄和16周龄时记录体重。感染雄性的总蠕虫负荷显著高于感染雌性（P<0.0001）。此外，与新罕布什尔鸡相比，白来航鸡的蠕虫数量显著更多（P=0.011）。不同品种（P=0.155）和性别（P=0.062）之间的蠕虫平均长度没有显著差异。蠕虫负荷与蠕虫长度之间的相关性为0.08（P=0.140）。与对照组相比，感染动物在8至16周龄期间的日增重显著更低（P=0.038）。日增重与蠕虫负荷之间没有显著相关性。白来航鸡和新罕布什尔鸡对数（ln）蠕虫负荷的估计遗传力分别为0.41（标准误±0.086）和0.31（标准误±0.126）。基于估计的遗传力，可以在两个遗传上不同的鸡品种中选择抗鸡异刺线虫的特性。这种方法对于地面饲养系统中的鸡可能很重要。
