Risvas Grigoris, Panagiotakos Demosthenes B, Chrysanthopoulou Stavroula, Karasouli Konstantina, Matalas Antonia-Leda, Zampelas Antonis
Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, Harokopio University, Kallithea, Athens, Greece.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2008 Sep;30(3):266-73. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdn039. Epub 2008 May 22.
Food choice in Greece follows a westernized model. We tried to identify the characteristics of clusters regarding food choice and behaviour in a large sample of Greek primary school students, in order to acknowledge some mediating parameters that need to be addressed when planning interventions to promote healthy nutrition.
Cross-sectional study in 2439 fifth and sixth grade students from the Attica and Thessaloniki regions. Three self-administered questionnaires were distributed assessing food consumption, nutrition knowledge and factors associated with dietary change. Data were analysed using principal components analysis (PCA) and K-means cluster analysis.
A total of 28.4% (n = 592) of the students were identified as demonstrating 'unbalanced nutrition' whereas 44.8% (n = 1018) and 22.8% (n = 319) demonstrated 'balanced' and 'low food intake', respectively. With regards to nutrition knowledge, the clusters were as follows: medium (n = 319, 14.5%), good (n = 1788, 80.9%) and bad knowledge (n = 101, 4.57%) cluster. After analysing the results of PCA, three clusters were formed: A 'negative effect' (n = 561, 28.8%), a 'health oriented' (n = 777, 39.9%) and a 'reinforced' to eat fruits and vegetables (n = 506, 31.3%) group.
The present study managed to identify clusters that correspond to food intake, nutrition knowledge and other factors associated with dietary behaviour and to describe their characteristics.
希腊的食物选择遵循西方化模式。我们试图在大量希腊小学生样本中确定食物选择和行为集群的特征，以便确认在规划促进健康营养的干预措施时需要解决的一些中介参数。
对来自阿提卡和塞萨洛尼基地区的2439名五年级和六年级学生进行横断面研究。发放了三份自填式问卷，评估食物消费、营养知识以及与饮食变化相关的因素。使用主成分分析（PCA）和K均值聚类分析对数据进行分析。
总共28.4%（n = 592）的学生被确定为表现出“营养不均衡”，而44.8%（n = 1018）和22.8%（n = 319）的学生分别表现出“营养均衡”和“食物摄入量低”。关于营养知识，集群如下：中等（n = 319，14.5%）、良好（n = 1788，80.9%）和知识较差（n = 101，4.57%）集群。在分析主成分分析结果后，形成了三个集群：一个“负面影响”（n = 561，28.8%）、一个“健康导向”（n = 777，39.9%）和一个“强化”食用水果和蔬菜（n = 506，31.3%）组。
本研究成功识别了与食物摄入量、营养知识以及与饮食行为相关的其他因素相对应的集群，并描述了它们的特征。
