Species differences in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activities in mice and rats.

UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), expressed in various tissues including liver and intestine, catalyze phase II metabolic biotransformation. There is little information on species differences between mice and rats in UGT activities, especially in intestine. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the species differences between mice and rats in UGT activities using duodenal and liver microsomes. For estradiol 3-O-glucuronidation in duodenal microsomes, the kinetic data in mice were fit to the Hill equation. However, the Hill coefficient was low in rats (n = 1.1), suggesting that rat estradiol 3-O-glucuronidation followed the Michaelis-Menten equation rather than the Hill equation. For 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) O-glucuronidation, the K(m) values were different between mice and rats. The intrinsic clearance (CL(int)) values for mycophenolic acid (MPA) O- and morphine 3-O-glucuronidation in male mouse duodenum were 3- and 17-fold lower than those in rat, respectively. In male liver, the CL(int) values for 4-NP O-, propofol O-, MPA O-, and morphine 3-O-glucuronidation and the CL(max) value for 4-methylumbelliferone O-glucuronidation in mice were higher than those in rats. The CL(max) value for estradiol 3-O-glucuronidation in mice was lower than that in rats. Also, there were strain differences among C57BL/6J, BALB/c, C3H/HeJ, DBA/2, ddY, and ICR mice in UGT activities in duodenum. We clarified that the species differences in UGT activity evaluated by the CL(int) or CL(max) values in liver and duodenum varied according to the substrate.