Howell Peter, Davis Stephen, Williams Roberta
Department of Psychology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, England.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008 Jun;51(3):669-87. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2008/048).
A study was conducted that examined factors that lead children who stutter at around age 8 years to persist in the disorder when they reach age 12 years.
Seventy-six children were verified to be stuttering at initial assessment. When they reached 12 years of age, they were classified as persistent or recovered. A range of measures was taken at the 2 age points, and measures were examined by recovery group.
Although the tendency for more males than females to stutter was confirmed, the reasons for this tendency are not apparent for these speakers. Different patterns in speech were observed: Severity ratings of the recovered speakers dropped by age 12+. The severity ratings for the persistent speakers remained high at 12+, and dysfluency types tended to change from whole words to part words. Persistent and recovered speakers differed on temperamental performance at around age 8 years and performed differently on sensory and motor tasks at age 12+ years.
Stuttering in late childhood affects mainly males. The later a child attends clinic, the longer he or she will stutter. Speech patterns of children who persist diverge from those who recover or who are fluent. As speakers persist, there are temperamental, sensory, and motor changes.
开展了一项研究，调查导致8岁左右口吃儿童到12岁时仍持续存在该障碍的因素。
76名儿童在初次评估时被确诊为口吃。当他们到12岁时，被分为持续口吃组或恢复正常组。在两个年龄点采取了一系列测量方法，并按恢复组对测量结果进行了检查。
虽然证实了口吃的男性多于女性，但对于这些口吃者而言，这种倾向的原因并不明显。观察到了不同的言语模式：到12岁以上时，恢复正常的口吃者的严重程度评分下降。持续口吃者在12岁以上时严重程度评分仍然很高，且言语不流畅类型倾向于从整词变为部分词。持续口吃者和恢复正常者在8岁左右的气质表现不同，在12岁以上时在感觉和运动任务中的表现也不同。
童年晚期口吃主要影响男性。儿童就诊越晚，口吃的时间就越长。持续口吃儿童的言语模式与恢复正常或言语流畅的儿童不同。随着口吃者持续口吃，会出现气质、感觉和运动方面的变化。
