Kuykendall Jim R, Miller Kyle L, Mellinger Kristen M, Cain Andrew J, Perry Michael W, Bradley Michael, Jarvi Eric J, Paustenbach Dennis J
Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 South Main Street, Ada, OH 45810, USA.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2009 Feb;56(2):260-7. doi: 10.1007/s00244-008-9175-9. Epub 2008 May 28.
DNA-protein cross-links (DPXs) in fish erythrocytes represent a potential biomarker for exposure to metal cations, such as hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) and divalent nickel (Ni[II]). Species-specific sensitivities to DPX formation were studied by coexposure of juvenile specimens of rainbow trout, hybrid bluegill, and channel catfish to waterborne metals, such as Cr(VI) and Ni(II). In a species comparison, 4 days of exposure to 2 ppm Cr(VI) induced highest DPXs in bluegill erythrocytes, followed by trout and catfish, at 186%, 97%, and 48% above controls, respectively. A similar pattern of species sensitivity was observed following co-exposure of the fish to 15 ppm Ni(II) for 4 days, with 237%, 124%, and 82% increased DPXs above control bluegill, trout, and catfish, respectively. Biological stability of Cr(VI)-induced DPXs was demonstrated in Cr(VI)-exposed bluegill, as DPX levels remained elevated for up to 20 days after discontinuation of exposure. Similar results were found following exposure of catfish to Ni(II), with detectable DPXs found 10 days after acute exposure. In both bluegill and catfish, a continued increase in DPX formation in erythrocytes was seen for 5-10 days after Cr(VI) was removed from tank water, suggesting that residual Cr(VI) may be involved in DPX formation following acute exposure of fish.
鱼类红细胞中的DNA-蛋白质交联（DPX）是暴露于金属阳离子（如六价铬（Cr[VI]）和二价镍（Ni[II]））的潜在生物标志物。通过将虹鳟、杂交蓝鳃太阳鱼和沟鲶的幼鱼标本共同暴露于水中的金属（如Cr(VI)和Ni(II)），研究了物种对DPX形成的特异性敏感性。在物种比较中，暴露于2 ppm Cr(VI) 4天，蓝鳃太阳鱼红细胞中诱导的DPX最高，其次是鳟鱼和鲶鱼，分别比对照组高186%、97%和48%。在鱼类共同暴露于15 ppm Ni(II) 4天后，观察到类似的物种敏感性模式，蓝鳃太阳鱼、鳟鱼和鲶鱼的DPX分别比对照组增加237%、124%和82%。在暴露于Cr(VI)的蓝鳃太阳鱼中证明了Cr(VI)诱导的DPX的生物稳定性，因为在停止暴露后长达20天，DPX水平仍保持升高。鲶鱼暴露于Ni(II)后也发现了类似的结果，在急性暴露10天后可检测到DPX。在蓝鳃太阳鱼和鲶鱼中，从养殖水箱水中去除Cr(VI)后5-10天，红细胞中DPX的形成持续增加，这表明在鱼类急性暴露后，残留的Cr(VI)可能参与了DPX的形成。
