Predictors of wheezing in prematurely born children.

OBJECTIVE

To examine the degree to which neonatal illness severity, postneonatal health problems, child characteristics, parenting quality as measured by the HOME Inventory, and maternal characteristics are related to the development of wheezing in prematurely born children over the first 27 months after term.

DESIGN

Longitudinal predictive study.

SETTING

Infants were recruited from two neonatal intensive care units, one in southeast and one in Midwest.

PARTICIPANTS

One hundred thirteen preterm infants who weighed less than 1,500 g or required mechanical ventilation and their mothers.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

The presence of wheezing was obtained from maternal report at 2, 6, 9, 13, 18, 22, and 27 months. Wheezing was considered to be medically significant if the child was using bronchodilators or pulmonary antiinflammatory medications.

RESULTS

Sixty-eight percent of the children had wheezing at least one or more ages; 47% of the children were also taking bronchodilators or pulmonary antiinflammatory medications and thus had medically significant wheezing.

CONCLUSION

Postneonatal health problems and the social environment appear to be more important in developing wheezing in prematurely born children than neonatal medical complications.