Dennis Cindy-Lee, Kingston Dawn
Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2008 May-Jun;37(3):301-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2008.00235.x.
To assess the effects of telephone-based support on smoking, preterm birth, low birthweight, breastfeeding, and postpartum depression.
Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register (March 2006), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (March 2006), Medline (1966-2006), EMBASE (1980-2006), and CINAHL (1982-2006). Secondary references were scanned and experts in the field were contacted.
All published, unpublished, and ongoing randomized controlled trials of telephone support interventions in which the primary aim was smoking, preterm birth, low birthweight, breastfeeding, or postpartum depression were reviewed.
Data were independently extracted by both authors and double entered into the Cochrane Collaboration's Review Manager (2003) software.
Trials evaluating different primary outcomes were analyzed separately. For dichotomous data, results were presented as summary relative risk with 95% confidence intervals. For continuous data, weighted mean difference was used.
Proactive telephone support may (a) assist in preventing smoking relapse, (b) play a role in preventing low birthweight, (c) increase breastfeeding duration and exclusivity, and (d) decrease postpartum depressive symptomatology. No telephone interventions were effective in improving preterm birth or smoking cessation rates. Additional research is encouraged.
评估电话支持对吸烟、早产、低出生体重、母乳喂养及产后抑郁的影响。
Cochrane妊娠与分娩组试验注册库（2006年3月）、Cochrane对照试验中央注册库（2006年3月）、医学期刊数据库（1966 - 2006年）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（1980 - 2006年）及护理学与健康领域数据库（1982 - 2006年）。查阅了二次参考文献并联系了该领域的专家。
对所有已发表、未发表及正在进行的电话支持干预随机对照试验进行综述，这些试验的主要目的是针对吸烟、早产、低出生体重、母乳喂养或产后抑郁。
两位作者独立提取数据，并双份录入Cochrane协作网的Review Manager（2003版）软件。
分别分析评估不同主要结局的试验。对于二分数据，结果以汇总相对风险及95%置信区间表示。对于连续数据，采用加权均数差。
积极的电话支持可能（a）有助于防止吸烟复发，（b）在预防低出生体重方面发挥作用，（c）延长母乳喂养时间并提高纯母乳喂养率，（d）减轻产后抑郁症状。没有电话干预措施能有效改善早产或戒烟率。鼓励开展更多研究。
