McDaniel Patrick, Wu Xuemei
Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA.
Mol Reprod Dev. 2009 Feb;76(2):151-9. doi: 10.1002/mrd.20937.
Oocyte-selective genes control multiple aspects of female gamete development and preimplantation embryogenesis. Several key oocyte-selective factors have been identified in mice recently; however, these factors are not well documented in more advanced species such as nonhuman primates. One of such oocyte-selective factors is NLRP5 (NLR family, Pyrin domain containing 5), also known as Maternal Antigen That Embryos Require (MATER), which is required for preimplantation embryo development beyond the 2-cell stage in mice. Human NLRP family contains 14 members. We identified 14 NLRP gene homologues and examined their spatial and temporal expression in rhesus macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta). While all 14 NLRP genes are detectable in the macaque gonad, eight of them (NLRP2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13, and 14) are specifically or preferentially expressed in the ovary. In situ hybridization elucidated a specific oocyte expression pattern of the eight NLRP genes within the ovary. During the oocyte-to-embryo transition, seven of these oocyte-selective NLRP transcripts (excluding NLPR2) are enriched in maturing oocytes and early preimplantation embryos but diminish upon embryo genome activation, indicating an exclusive maternal origin of these transcripts. Though functionally unknown, the spatial and temporal distribution of these oocyte-selective NLRP genes implies important roles of the NLRP family in oogenesis and early embryo development in nonhuman primates.
卵母细胞选择性基因控制着雌性配子发育和植入前胚胎发生的多个方面。最近在小鼠中鉴定出了几个关键的卵母细胞选择性因子；然而，在更高级的物种如非人灵长类动物中，这些因子的记录并不完善。其中一个这样的卵母细胞选择性因子是NLRP5（NLR家族，含pyrin结构域5），也称为胚胎必需的母体抗原（MATER），它是小鼠2细胞期之后植入前胚胎发育所必需的。人类NLRP家族包含14个成员。我们鉴定了14个NLRP基因同源物，并检测了它们在恒河猴（猕猴）中的时空表达。虽然在猕猴性腺中可以检测到所有14个NLRP基因，但其中8个（NLRP2、4、5、8、9、11、13和14）在卵巢中特异性或优先表达。原位杂交揭示了卵巢内8个NLRP基因的特定卵母细胞表达模式。在卵母细胞向胚胎的转变过程中，这些卵母细胞选择性NLRP转录本中的7个（不包括NLPR2）在成熟卵母细胞和早期植入前胚胎中富集，但在胚胎基因组激活后减少，表明这些转录本具有独特的母体来源。尽管功能未知，但这些卵母细胞选择性NLRP基因的时空分布暗示了NLRP家族在非人灵长类动物卵子发生和早期胚胎发育中的重要作用。
