Imfeld Thomas
Zentrum für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Präventivzahnmedizin und Orale Epidemiologie, Universität Zürich.
Ther Umsch. 2008 Feb;65(2):83-9. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930.65.2.83.
25% of the population have bad breath. This can be either Foetor ex ore (90%) or Halitosis (10%). Foetor is only perceptible in mouth breath and its causes lie in the oral cavity. Halitosis is detectable in oral and/or nasal breath and stems from either the nose/pharynx (local Halitosis; nasal breath only), the lung or, rarely, the stomach (systemic Halitosis; mouth- and nose breath). A respective differential diagnosis is prerequisite for causal therapy. Foetor ex ore is caused by volatile sulphur compounds produced by proteolytic microorganisms in the oral cavity, especially on the dorsum of the tongue. Prophylaxis and therapy consequently build on mechanical and chemical reduction of these bacteria. Bad breath may become a serious social handicap and shall not be turned into a taboo.
25%的人口有口臭。这可能是口源性口臭（90%）或非口源性口臭（10%）。口源性口臭仅在呼气时可察觉，其病因在于口腔。非口源性口臭在口腔和/或鼻腔呼气中均可检测到，其根源在于鼻子/咽部（局部性口臭；仅鼻腔呼气）、肺部，或很少见的胃部（全身性口臭；口腔和鼻腔呼气）。相应的鉴别诊断是病因治疗的前提。口源性口臭是由口腔中尤其是舌背的蛋白水解微生物产生的挥发性硫化合物引起的。因此，预防和治疗基于对这些细菌的机械性和化学性减少。口臭可能成为严重的社交障碍，不应成为禁忌。
