Rath Christian, Imfeld Thomas
Zentrum für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Präventivzahnmedizin und Orale Epidemiologie, Universität Zürich.
Ther Umsch. 2008 Feb;65(2):91-6. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930.65.2.91.
Reduced flow (oligosialia) or the complete absence of saliva (xerostomia) decrease the quality of life. While patients suffering from xerostomia are painfully aware of their condition, oligosialia all too often remains unnoticed. The causes of reduced saliva flow are manyfold: somatic or psychosomatic disease, medication, medical therapy, dehydration, age, to name a few. The respective patients suffer from thirst, difficulties in speaking (dysphonia), chewing, tasting (dysgeusia), swallowing (dysphagia) and are at a very high risk for caries as well as for bacterial, viral or fungal infections of the oral mucosa. Early diagnosis and care of oligosialia is mandatory Oral prophylactic care for and dental therapy of xerostomic patients are challenging both for the patients and the dental professionals.
唾液分泌减少（唾液酸缺乏）或完全没有唾液（口干症）会降低生活质量。虽然患有口干症的患者痛苦地意识到自己的病情，但唾液酸缺乏往往未被察觉。唾液分泌减少的原因多种多样：躯体疾病或身心疾病、药物、医学治疗、脱水、年龄等等。相应的患者会遭受口渴、说话困难（发音障碍）、咀嚼困难、味觉障碍（味觉异常）、吞咽困难（吞咽障碍），并且患龋齿以及口腔黏膜细菌、病毒或真菌感染的风险非常高。早期诊断和治疗唾液酸缺乏是必不可少的。对口干症患者进行口腔预防护理和牙科治疗对患者和牙科专业人员来说都具有挑战性。
