Kumar Vijay, Medhi Bikash
Department of Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
Iran J Immunol. 2008 Jun;5(2):71-81.
Normal pregnancy has been considered as a controlled state of inflammation at an early stage of blastocyst implantation that subsequently develops systemically. Till recent past most popular hypotheses regarding status of immune system in pregnancy were dominated by the Th1 and Th2 hypothesis, in which the fetus avoids maternal rejection through a bias towards T-helper (Th2) cytokine production. Recent findings have shown that predominant immune interactions in the human deciduas are between the placental trophoblast and maternal uterine natural killer (uNK) cells rather than the T cells. Thus NK cells are emerging as important players in the uterine immune response to invasive forms of placenta, as in cases of hemochorial placenta. In humans there is a lack of evidence for T-cell responses to trophoblast cells; therefore it was thought that uterine NK cells are the key factors by which the maternal immune system recognizes trophoblast cells. In this review we are trying to summarize the role of uNK cells in the maintenance of normal pregnancy in humans.
正常妊娠被认为是在囊胚着床早期的一种可控炎症状态，随后会全身性发展。直到最近，关于孕期免疫系统状态的最流行假说是由Th1和Th2假说主导的，在该假说中，胎儿通过偏向于产生辅助性T（Th2）细胞因子来避免母体排斥。最近的研究结果表明，人类蜕膜中主要的免疫相互作用发生在胎盘滋养层细胞与母体子宫自然杀伤（uNK）细胞之间，而非T细胞。因此，NK细胞正在成为子宫对侵袭性胎盘形式（如血绒毛膜胎盘）免疫反应的重要参与者。在人类中，缺乏T细胞对滋养层细胞产生反应的证据；因此，人们认为子宫NK细胞是母体免疫系统识别滋养层细胞的关键因素。在这篇综述中，我们试图总结uNK细胞在维持人类正常妊娠中的作用。
