Monajemzadeh Seyed Mehdi, Moghadam Ali Zamani
Pediatric Ward, Golestan Hospital, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
Med Princ Pract. 2008;17(4):331-3. doi: 10.1159/000129615. Epub 2008 Jun 3.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ahwaz, Iran to find out the prevalence of goiter among schoolchildren ages 11-16 years.
Multistage sampling methodology was followed for selecting the study population. A total of 1,950 children (1,050 males, 900 females) were clinically assessed for thyroid gland enlargement. Data were collected on age, sex, weight, height, iodized salt consumption, family history of goiter, and thyroid size by palpation.
One hundred forty-six of the 1,950 children showed various grades of goiter, giving a prevalence of overall goiter of 7.48%. Of the 146 persons with goiter, 46 (31.5%) were male and 100 (68.5%) were female. Prevalence of goiter among male and female students was 4.4 and 11.1%, respectively. Prevalence of grade 1, 2, and 3 goiters was 56.8% (83 cases), 37.7% (55 cases), and 5.5% (8 cases), respectively. A significant difference existed between height of students with grade 1 goiter and those with grade 2 and 3 goiter (p < 0.001). A significant difference also was found between weight of students with grade 1 goiter and students with grade 2 goiters (p < 0.002).
These results indicate that Ahwaz City is not an endemic area for iodine deficiency, probably because of its geographic location (the low altitude of sea level) or nutritional habits of its population (consumption of fish and iodized salt).
本横断面研究在伊朗阿瓦士开展，旨在查明11至16岁学童的甲状腺肿患病率。
采用多阶段抽样方法选取研究人群。对总共1950名儿童（1050名男性，900名女性）进行甲状腺肿大的临床评估。通过触诊收集年龄、性别、体重、身高、碘盐食用情况、甲状腺肿家族史及甲状腺大小的数据。
1950名儿童中有146名呈现不同程度的甲状腺肿，总体甲状腺肿患病率为7.48%。在这146名甲状腺肿患者中，46名（31.5%）为男性，100名（68.5%）为女性。男、女学生的甲状腺肿患病率分别为4.4%和11.1%。1级、2级和3级甲状腺肿的患病率分别为56.8%（83例）、37.7%（55例）和5.5%（8例）。1级甲状腺肿学生的身高与2级和3级甲状腺肿学生的身高之间存在显著差异（p<0.001）。1级甲状腺肿学生的体重与2级甲状腺肿学生的体重之间也存在显著差异（p<0.002）。
这些结果表明，阿瓦士市并非碘缺乏病流行地区，这可能是由于其地理位置（海平面高度较低）或当地居民的营养习惯（食用鱼类和碘盐）所致。
