Tarczy-Hornoch Kristina, Smith Brendan, Urata Mark
Childrens Hospital, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027, USA.
J AAPOS. 2008 Oct;12(5):471-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2008.03.008. Epub 2008 Jun 5.
To describe the prevalence and nature of anisometropic refractive errors in children with unilateral coronal craniosynostosis.
Retrospective chart review of children with unilateral coronal craniosynostosis who underwent ophthalmic evaluation, including refraction.
Refraction was available for 25 of 61 children with unilateral coronal craniosynostosis. Of the 25, 56% had amblyogenic anisometropia. Of these, 79% had the greater refractive error contralateral to the coronal synostosis, mostly (91%) consisting of greater with-the-rule astigmatism in the contralateral eye. Seventy-two percent of Hispanic children had amblyogenic anisometropia, compared with only 14% of non-Hispanic children (p= 0.02). Although Hispanic children tended to receive both surgery and ophthalmic evaluation at older ages than non-Hispanic children, these factors did not appear to account for the difference between ethnicities. There was no detectable association between anisometropia and the timing of fronto-orbital advancement surgery.
Children with unilateral coronal craniosynostosis are at increased risk of developing amblyogenic levels of anisometropia in the eye contralateral to the synostosis and require early evaluation and refraction even in the absence of strabismus.
描述单侧冠状缝早闭患儿屈光参差性屈光不正的患病率及特点。
对接受眼科评估（包括验光）的单侧冠状缝早闭患儿进行回顾性病历审查。
61名单侧冠状缝早闭患儿中有25名进行了验光。在这25名患儿中，56%患有引起弱视的屈光参差。其中，79%的患儿在冠状缝早闭对侧眼存在较大屈光不正，大部分（91%）表现为对侧眼顺规散光增加。72%的西班牙裔儿童患有引起弱视的屈光参差，而非西班牙裔儿童仅为14%（p = 0.02）。尽管西班牙裔儿童接受手术和眼科评估的年龄往往比非西班牙裔儿童大，但这些因素似乎无法解释不同种族之间的差异。屈光参差与额眶前移手术时机之间未发现明显关联。
单侧冠状缝早闭患儿患引起弱视的对侧眼屈光参差的风险增加，即使没有斜视也需要早期评估和验光。
