Abrahamsson M, Fabian G, Sjöstrand J
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1990 Aug;68(4):435-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01672.x.
The variability of anisometropi in a sample of 310 children with astigmatism at the age of 1 year was longitudinally studied during a 3-year period between 1 and 4 years of age. The prevalence of anisometropia of 1 D or more at each year level was rather stable. When individual cases were examined we found that between the first and the last test session 19 of the 33 children with anisometropia at the first test session had become non-anisometropic and were substituted with 14 new cases which were non-anisometropic at the age of 1 year. In general, less than half of the cases, at all levels of anisometropia, remained anisometropic throughout the whole test period. We also found that children with anisometropia persisting through the whole test period were at considerable risk, about one out of four, of developing amblyopia. There was no simple relationship, however, between anisometropia at a certain age level between 1 and 4 years and amblyopia and/or strabismus. Non-persisting anisometropia in an emmetropizing eye is in most cases a benign sign and not connected with an increased risk for developing amblyopia.
对310名1岁散光儿童样本中的屈光参差变异性进行了纵向研究，研究为期3年，从1岁至4岁。每年1D或更高程度的屈光参差患病率相当稳定。检查个体病例时，我们发现，在第一次测试时患有屈光参差的33名儿童中，有19名在第一次和最后一次测试期间不再患有屈光参差，取而代之的是14名1岁时无屈光参差的新病例。总体而言，在整个测试期间，所有屈光参差程度的病例中，不到一半在整个测试期间都保持屈光参差状态。我们还发现，在整个测试期间持续存在屈光参差的儿童有相当大的风险，约四分之一会患弱视。然而，在1至4岁之间的特定年龄水平的屈光参差与弱视和/或斜视之间没有简单的关系。在正视化眼中，非持续性屈光参差在大多数情况下是一个良性体征，与患弱视的风险增加无关。
