Suwazono Yasushi, Dochi Mirei, Sakata Kouichi, Okubo Yasushi, Oishi Mitsuhiro, Tanaka Kumihiko, Kobayashi Etsuko, Kido Teruhiko, Nogawa Koji
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008 Aug;16(8):1887-93. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.298. Epub 2008 Jun 5.
This study compared the effect of alternating shift work and day work on weight gain in Japanese male workers.
A longitudinal cohort study was conducted in day workers (n = 4,328) and alternating shift workers (n = 2,926) of a steel company who received annual health checkups over a 14-year period between 1991 and 2005. The association between the type of job schedule and weight gain was investigated using multivariate pooled logistic regression analyses. The endpoints in the study were either a 5, 7.5, or 10% increase in BMI during the period of observation, compared to the BMI at entry.
The type of job schedule was significantly associated with all three BMI endpoints (5% increase in BMI; odds ratio (OR) for comparison between alternating shift workers and regular day workers, 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.23): (7.5% increase in BMI; OR, 1.13; 95%CI, 1.03-1.24: 10% increase in BMI; OR, 1.13; 95%CI, 1.00-1.28). BMI at study entry was also positively associated with the 5, 7.5, and 10% increases in BMI during the study. On the other hand, age and drinking habits were negatively associated with 5, 7.5, and 10% increases in BMI.
Our study revealed that alternating shift work was an independent risk factor for weight gain in male Japanese workers. Efficient health screening and regular checkups, combined with support to control unhealthy lifestyle factors, would be of considerable benefit for maintaining the health of Japanese shift workers.
本研究比较了交替轮班工作和日班工作对日本男性工人体重增加的影响。
对一家钢铁公司的日班工人（n = 4328）和交替轮班工人（n = 2926）进行了一项纵向队列研究，这些工人在1991年至2005年的14年期间接受年度健康检查。使用多变量合并逻辑回归分析研究工作时间表类型与体重增加之间的关联。研究的终点是观察期间BMI相对于入职时的BMI增加5%、7.5%或10%。
工作时间表类型与所有三个BMI终点均显著相关（BMI增加5%；交替轮班工人与正常日班工人比较的优势比（OR）为1.14；95%置信区间（CI）为1.06 - 1.23）：（BMI增加7.5%；OR为1.13；95%CI为1.03 - 1.24：BMI增加10%；OR为1.13；95%CI为1.00 - 1.28）。研究开始时的BMI也与研究期间BMI增加5%、7.5%和10%呈正相关。另一方面，年龄和饮酒习惯与BMI增加5%、7.5%和10%呈负相关。
我们的研究表明，交替轮班工作是日本男性工人体重增加的一个独立危险因素。有效的健康筛查和定期检查，结合控制不健康生活方式因素的支持，对维持日本轮班工人的健康将有很大益处。
