Brown Rebecca L
Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60645, USA.
Semin Oncol. 2008 Jun;35(3):298-308. doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2008.03.011.
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. The standard treatment for DTC includes surgery, radioiodine ablation, and thyroid hormone-suppressive therapy. With this approach, overall survival is excellent. Still, controversy exists when tailoring therapy according to an individual's chance of developing metastases. Patients with genetic and environmental risk factors, those at the extremes of age, and those with comorbid conditions require special consideration. The most effective method to monitor patients for disease recurrence and the most optimal treatment for those who recur are debated. New understandings about the genetic aberrations underlying thyroid cancer have led to novel therapeutic options for patients with metastatic disease. The traditional approach to DTC treatment with an emphasis on topics of continued uncertainty will be discussed. In addition, emerging therapies for DTC will be reviewed.
分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）是最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤。DTC的标准治疗包括手术、放射性碘消融和甲状腺激素抑制治疗。采用这种方法，总体生存率很高。然而，在根据个体发生转移的可能性调整治疗方案时仍存在争议。有遗传和环境风险因素的患者、年龄极端的患者以及有合并症的患者需要特别考虑。监测患者疾病复发的最有效方法以及对复发患者的最佳治疗方法存在争议。对甲状腺癌潜在基因畸变的新认识为转移性疾病患者带来了新的治疗选择。将讨论以持续存在不确定性的主题为重点的DTC传统治疗方法。此外，还将综述DTC的新兴疗法。
