Variation of postprandial PYY 3-36 response following ingestion of differing macronutrient meals in obese females.

AIM

This study investigated the effect of macronutrient composition of meals on postprandial peptide YY(3-36) (PYY(3-36)) response in obese hyperinsulinemic females.

METHODS

Eight obese females consumed three iso-energetic meals of different macronutrient composition, high carbohydrate (HC; 60% CHO, 20% protein, 20% fat), high fat (HF; 30% CHO, 20% protein, 50% fat) and high protein (HP; 30% CHO, 50% protein, 20% fat), on three separate occasions, 1 month apart. PYY(3-36), insulin and glucose were measured before and 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min following each meal.

RESULTS

PYY(3-36) levels increased significantly following the three meals, with the HC meal resulting in a sustained postprandial increase in PYY(3-36) level throughout the experimental period. Comparing the three meals, the HF meal induced a significantly higher increase in postprandial PYY(3-36) levels, at 15 and 30 min as compared to the HP meal (p < 0.05), whereas the postprandial increase following the HP meal became significantly higher than that following the HF meal at 120 min. Postprandial increase in PYY(3-36) was highest in the first hour following the HF meal, while that following the HP meal was delayed by 1 h.

CONCLUSION

Increasing both protein and fat content of a meal may induce an immediate and prolonged increase in PYY(3-36), resulting in increased satiety and its maintenance for a longer period of time.