Hengist Aaron, Sciarrillo Christina M, Guo Juen, Walter Mary, Hall Kevin D
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda MD, 20892, USA.
medRxiv. 2023 Oct 19:2023.05.10.23289718. doi: 10.1101/2023.05.10.23289718.
Gut-derived hormones affect appetite and are thought to play an important role in body weight regulation. Dietary macronutrient composition can influence gut-derived appetite hormone concentrations, thereby providing theoretical basis for why some diets might facilitate weight loss better than others. We investigated postprandial gut-derived appetite hormones in 20 inpatient adults after 2 weeks of eating either a low carbohydrate (LC) or a low fat (LF) diet followed by the alternate diet in random order. A LC meal resulted in significantly greater postprandial GLP-1, GIP, and PYY but lower ghrelin compared to an isocaloric LF meal (all ≤0.02). However, differences in gut-derived appetite hormones were incommensurate with subsequent ad libitum energy intake over the rest of the day, which was 551±103 kcal (<0.0001) greater with the LC as compared to the LF diet. The effects of gut-derived appetite hormones on ad libitum energy intake can be dominated by other diet-related factors, at least in the short-term.
肠道来源的激素会影响食欲，并且被认为在体重调节中发挥重要作用。膳食常量营养素组成能够影响肠道来源的食欲激素浓度，从而为为何某些饮食可能比其他饮食更有助于减肥提供了理论依据。我们对20名住院成年患者进行了研究，他们随机先后采用低碳水化合物（LC）饮食或低脂（LF）饮食，每种饮食持续2周，之后再换用另一种饮食，在此期间我们检测了他们餐后肠道来源的食欲激素情况。与等热量的LF餐相比，LC餐导致餐后胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）、葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽（GIP）和酪酪肽（PYY）水平显著升高，但胃饥饿素水平降低（所有P值均≤0.02）。然而，肠道来源的食欲激素差异与当天剩余时间的随后随意能量摄入量并不相称，与LF饮食相比，LC饮食的随意能量摄入量高551±103千卡（P<0.0001）。至少在短期内，肠道来源的食欲激素对随意能量摄入的影响可能受其他饮食相关因素主导。
