Amaral S L, Sanchez L S, Chang A J B A, Rossoni L V, Michelini L C
Departamento de Educação Física, Faculdade de Ciências de Bauru, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Bauru, SP, Brasil.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2008 May;41(5):424-31. doi: 10.1590/s0100-879x2008000500012.
Exercise-induced vessel changes modulate arterial pressure (AP) in male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is important for angiogenesis of skeletal muscle. The present study evaluated the time course of VEGF and angiogenesis after short- and long-term exercise training of female SHR and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, 8-9 weeks (200-250 g). Rats were allocated to daily training or remained sedentary for 3 days (N = 23) or 13 weeks (N = 23). After training, the carotid artery was catheterized for AP measurements. Locomotor (tibialis anterior and gracilis) and non-locomotor skeletal muscles (temporalis) were harvested and prepared for histologic and protein expression analyses. Training increased treadmill performance by all groups (SHR = 28%, WKY = 64%, 3 days) and (SHR = 141%, WKY = 122%, 13 weeks). SHR had higher values of AP than WKY (174 +/- 4 vs 111 +/- 2 mmHg) that were not altered by training. Three days of running increased VEGF expression (SHR = 28%, WKY = 36%) simultaneously with an increase in capillary-to-fiber ratio in gracilis muscle (SHR = 19%, WKY = 15%). In contrast, 13 weeks of training increased gracilis capillary-to-fiber ratio (SHR = 18%, WKY = 19%), without simultaneous changes in VEGF expression. Training did not change VEGF expression and capillarity of temporalis muscle. We conclude that training stimulates time- and tissue-dependent VEGF protein expression, independent of pressure levels. VEGF triggers angiogenesis in locomotor skeletal muscle shortly after the exercise starts, but is not involved in the maintenance of capillarity after long-term exercise in female rats.
运动诱导的血管变化可调节雄性自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）的动脉血压（AP）。血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）对骨骼肌的血管生成很重要。本研究评估了8-9周龄（200-250克）雌性SHR和Wistar Kyoto（WKY）大鼠短期和长期运动训练后VEGF和血管生成的时间进程。大鼠被分配到每日训练组或连续3天（N = 23）或13周（N = 23）保持久坐。训练后，插入颈动脉导管测量AP。采集运动（胫前肌和股薄肌）和非运动骨骼肌（颞肌），并进行组织学和蛋白质表达分析。所有组的训练均提高了跑步机运动能力（3天训练时，SHR提高28%，WKY提高64%；13周训练时，SHR提高141%，WKY提高122%）。SHR的AP值高于WKY（174±4 vs 111±2 mmHg），训练未改变该值。3天跑步增加了VEGF表达（SHR增加28%，WKY增加36%），同时股薄肌的毛细血管与纤维比例增加（SHR增加19%，WKY增加15%）。相比之下，13周训练增加了股薄肌的毛细血管与纤维比例（SHR增加18%，WKY增加19%），但VEGF表达未同时改变。训练未改变颞肌的VEGF表达和毛细血管密度。我们得出结论，训练刺激时间和组织依赖性的VEGF蛋白表达，与压力水平无关。运动开始后不久，VEGF触发运动骨骼肌的血管生成，但在雌性大鼠长期运动后不参与毛细血管密度的维持。
