Crisp Richard J, Hutter Russell R C, Young Bryony
Department of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK.
Br J Psychol. 2009 Feb;100(Pt 1):133-49. doi: 10.1348/000712608X318635. Epub 2008 Jun 10.
In two experiments we tested the hypothesis that repeated exposure to out-group-relevant attitude objects would lead to less liking following a threat to identity. In Experiment 1 exposure to abstract artwork ostensibly created by a member of an out-group university led to more liking under baseline conditions, but not following a manipulation of threat. In Experiment 2 we observed a negative relationship between exposure and liking following threat: liking reversed the typical mere exposure effect. Reported emotion mediated the interactive effect of threat and exposure on liking. These findings illustrate how social identity threat can be experienced incrementally as a function of exposure. We discuss the findings in the context of an integration of research on exposure, identity, attitudes, and contact.
在两项实验中，我们检验了这样一个假设：在身份受到威胁后，反复接触与外群体相关的态度对象会导致喜爱程度降低。在实验1中，接触表面上由外群体大学成员创作的抽象艺术作品，在基线条件下会导致更多的喜爱，但在进行威胁操纵后则不然。在实验2中，我们观察到威胁后接触与喜爱之间存在负相关关系：喜爱程度逆转了典型的单纯接触效应。报告的情绪介导了威胁和接触对喜爱的交互作用。这些发现说明了社会身份威胁如何随着接触的增加而逐步体验到。我们将在接触、身份、态度和接触研究整合的背景下讨论这些发现。
