Sweet Fabio S T, Noack Peter, Hauck Thomas E, Weisser Wolfgang W
Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.
Department of Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Jan 31;13(3):488. doi: 10.3390/ani13030488.
While there is growing consensus that nature should be promoted in cities, it is less clear what kind of nature this should be. One hypothesis is that humans show greater liking for those parts of nature that they know better. Using questionnaires, we studied the familiarity of 475 students with 91 urban animal species and the relationship between familiarity and attitudes towards the species. Students declared that they were familiar with most animals, but not all animals were equally liked. Better-known species were not generally the better-liked ones. The more familiar animal species were the more extreme attitudes became towards them, both positively and negatively. Our research shows that familiarity and attitude are not two sides of the same coin. It also emphasizes that there are parts of nature that are not liked by many humans and that this dislike is not necessarily correlated with insufficient knowledge. Detailed studies of what components of nature humans like and reasons underlying this are necessary to successfully increase nature in cities.
虽然人们越来越一致认为城市中应推广自然，但对于应该是何种自然却不太明确。一种假设是，人类对他们更熟悉的自然部分表现出更大的喜爱。我们通过问卷调查研究了475名学生对91种城市动物物种的熟悉程度以及熟悉程度与对这些物种的态度之间的关系。学生们宣称他们熟悉大多数动物，但并非所有动物都同样受到喜爱。广为人知的物种通常并非更受喜爱的物种。动物物种越熟悉，人们对它们的态度就越极端，包括积极和消极的态度。我们的研究表明，熟悉程度和态度并非同一枚硬币的两面。它还强调，自然界有些部分不为许多人所喜欢，而且这种不喜欢不一定与知识不足相关。要在城市中成功增加自然元素，有必要对人类喜欢自然的哪些组成部分以及背后的原因进行详细研究。
