Lule G S, Gruer L D
Department of Public Health, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
AIDS Care. 1991;3(1):11-9. doi: 10.1080/09540129108253043.
HIV infection is widespread in Uganda. Have its university students, the country's leaders of tomorrow, taken appropriate action? A questionnaire was completed by 661 men and 270 women in a one-in-four sample of Makerere University undergraduates (93% response rate). More than 60% of the men and 36% of the women reported at least two sexual partners in the past year. Over 18% of respondents reported at least one episode of sexually transmitted disease in the past year. Most respondents correctly identified the main routes of HIV transmission but risk was also often incorrectly associated with non-penetrative sex. Only a minority saw the condom as an effective preventive method: most saw it as unsafe or an encouragement to promiscuity. Condoms had been used by 35% of men and 24% of women but were currently always used by only 9% of men and 11% of women. The condom was approved of by only one quarter of respondents. Condom use increased with the number of sexual partners but was less likely if the respondent had seen official publicity about the condom. Whilst there were some encouraging signs of behaviour change, opportunities for the spread of HIV continued to abound in this important group. More positive promotion of the condom is urgently required.
艾滋病毒感染在乌干达广泛传播。该国未来的领导者——大学生们，是否采取了适当的行动呢？在马凯雷雷大学本科生四分之一的抽样调查中，661名男性和270名女性填写了问卷（回复率为93%）。超过60%的男性和36%的女性报告在过去一年中至少有两个性伴侣。超过18%的受访者报告在过去一年中至少有过一次性传播疾病。大多数受访者正确识别了艾滋病毒传播的主要途径，但风险也常常与非插入式性行为错误关联。只有少数人认为避孕套是一种有效的预防方法：大多数人认为它不安全或会助长滥交。35%的男性和24%的女性使用过避孕套，但目前总是使用避孕套的男性仅占9%，女性占11%。只有四分之一的受访者认可避孕套。避孕套的使用随着性伴侣数量的增加而增加，但如果受访者看过关于避孕套的官方宣传，则使用避孕套的可能性较小。虽然有一些行为改变的令人鼓舞的迹象，但在这个重要群体中，艾滋病毒传播的机会仍然很多。迫切需要更积极地推广避孕套。
