Measuring the satisfaction of intensive care unit patient families in Morocco: a regression tree analysis.

OBJECTIVE

Meeting the needs of patients' family members becomes an essential part of responsibilities of intensive care unit physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the satisfaction of patients' family members using the Arabic version of the Society of Critical Care Medicine's Family Needs Assessment questionnaire and to assess the predictors of family satisfaction using the classification and regression tree method.

DESIGN

The authors conducted a prospective study.

SETTING

This study was conducted at a 12-bed medical intensive care unit in Morocco.

PATIENTS

Family representatives (n = 194) of consecutive patients with a length of stay >48 hrs were included in the study.

INTERVENTION

Intervention was the Society of Critical Care Medicine's Family Needs Assessment questionnaire.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS

Demographic data for relatives included age, gender, relationship with patients, education level, and intensive care unit commuting time. Clinical data for patients included age, gender, diagnoses, intensive care unit length of stay, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, MacCabe index, Therapeutic Interventioning Scoring System, and mechanical ventilation. The Arabic version of the Society of Critical Care Medicine's Family Needs Assessment questionnaire was administered between the third and fifth days after admission. Of family representatives, 81% declared being satisfied with information provided by physicians, 27% would like more information about the diagnosis, 30% about prognosis, and 45% about treatment. In univariate analysis, family satisfaction (small Society of Critical Care Medicine's Family Needs Assessment questionnaire score) increased with a lower family education level (p = .005), when the information was given by a senior physician (p = .014), and when the Society of Critical Care Medicine's Family Needs Assessment questionnaire was administered by an investigator (p = .002). Multivariate analysis (classification and regression tree) showed that the education level was the predominant factor contributing to the Society of Critical Care Medicine's Family Needs Assessment questionnaire score. Society of Critical Care Medicine's Family Needs Assessment questionnaire increased (greater satisfaction) with a higher education level. Other factors of great satisfaction included the senior physician providing the information, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation <15.

CONCLUSIONS

Satisfaction of intensive care unit patients' families in a Moroccan sample using the classification and regression tree was dependent on relatives' education level, communication presented by senior caregiver, and low Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score. These data underline cultural specificities of the study and suggest that caregivers should develop structured communication programs considering satisfaction predictors.