Schwartz-Albiez Reinhard, Laban Simon, Eichmüller Stefan, Kirschfink Michael
German Cancer Research Center, Tumor Immunology Programme, Heidelberg, Germany.
Autoimmun Rev. 2008 Jun;7(6):491-5. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2008.03.012. Epub 2008 Apr 10.
Healthy individuals may contain in their peripheral blood antibodies which are able to destroy human tumour cells mediated either by complement-dependent cytotoxicity or by apoptosis. The largest proportion of these antibodies is of IgM isotype and directed against distinct tumour associated carbohydrate epitopes. Although the origin of these antibodies is not clear they seem to belong to the class of natural antibodies because they are not affinity matured and are encoded by distinct germ-line restricted gene families. It is most likely that this class of natural antibodies has in vivo an anti-tumour protective effect which may contribute to so-called tumour surveillance. On the other hand malignant tumour cells exert mechanisms to counteract such an antibody attack. These comprise soluble factors as well as cell surface expressed membrane complement regulatory proteins (mCRP). Further studies are needed to elucidate molecular mechanisms leading to either tumour destruction induced by natural antibodies or to overcome the protective strategies of the tumour against antibody attack.
健康个体的外周血中可能含有能够通过补体依赖性细胞毒性或凋亡介导来破坏人类肿瘤细胞的抗体。这些抗体中最大比例是IgM同种型，且针对不同的肿瘤相关碳水化合物表位。尽管这些抗体的来源尚不清楚，但它们似乎属于天然抗体类别，因为它们未发生亲和力成熟，且由不同的种系限制性基因家族编码。很可能这类天然抗体在体内具有抗肿瘤保护作用，这可能有助于所谓的肿瘤监视。另一方面，恶性肿瘤细胞会发挥机制来对抗这种抗体攻击。这些机制包括可溶性因子以及细胞表面表达的膜补体调节蛋白（mCRP）。需要进一步研究以阐明导致天然抗体诱导肿瘤破坏或克服肿瘤对抗抗体攻击的保护策略的分子机制。
