Hoek M R, Christensen H, Hellenbrand W, Stefanoff P, Howitz M, Stuart J M
EPIET-ECDC, Stockholm, Sweden.
Epidemiol Infect. 2008 Nov;136(11):1441-7. doi: 10.1017/S0950268808000770. Epub 2008 Jun 18.
SUMMARYWe performed a systematic review to estimate the effectiveness of vaccination, in addition to chemoprophylaxis, in preventing meningococcal disease among household contacts. Medline, EMBASE, EMGM, and EUIBIS were used for data collection. Studies reporting on at least 100 primary cases and on subsequent cases in household settings with follow-up of more than 2 weeks after onset of disease in the primary case were reviewed. A meta-analysis was used to calculate the average attack rate in household contacts given chemoprophylaxis 14-365 days after onset of disease in the primary case. In total, 652 studies were identified, five studies and one unpublished report met the inclusion criteria. The weighted average attack rate was 1.1/1000 household contacts (95% CI 0.7-1.7). This review supports vaccination of household contacts in addition to chemoprophylaxis to reduce the risk of meningococcal disease among household contacts of a case caused by a vaccine-preventable serogroup.
摘要
我们进行了一项系统评价，以评估除化学预防外，疫苗接种在预防家庭接触者感染脑膜炎球菌病方面的效果。通过检索Medline、EMBASE、EMGM和EUIBIS收集数据。对报告至少100例原发性病例以及家庭环境中后续病例且在原发性病例发病后随访超过2周的研究进行了综述。采用荟萃分析计算在原发性病例发病后14 - 365天接受化学预防的家庭接触者的平均发病率。总共识别出652项研究，5项研究和1份未发表报告符合纳入标准。加权平均发病率为1.1/1000家庭接触者（95%置信区间0.7 - 1.7）。本综述支持对家庭接触者进行疫苗接种以及化学预防，以降低由疫苗可预防血清群引起的病例的家庭接触者感染脑膜炎球菌病的风险。
