Girdler-Brown Brendan V, White Neil W, Ehrlich Rodney I, Churchyard Gavin J
School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Am J Ind Med. 2008 Sep;51(9):640-7. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20602.
The burden of silicosis, pulmonary tuberculosis and COPD is described in 624 South African gold miners 18 months after cessation of work.
This was a prevalence study. Questionnaires were administered, and spirometry, chest radiography, tuberculosis investigations, and urine HIV antibody assays were performed.
Attendance was 80.1% (624/779), mean age 49.4 years, and mean employment duration 25.6 years. Most subjects had had medium (26.5%) or high (65.4%) dust-exposure jobs. Current smoking rate was 35%, with ever smoking 61%. HIV antibodies were detected in the urine in 22.3%. Prevalences were: silicosis 24.6%, past tuberculosis 26%, current tuberculosis 6.2%, airflow obstruction 13.4%, and chronic productive cough 17.7%. Almost 50% of these miners had at least one of these respiratory conditions.
A heavy burden of silicosis, tuberculosis and COPD was present in this group of former goldminers. Intensification of work place dust control measures and TB and HIV prevention activities are needed on South African gold mines. In labor sending communities investment is needed in silicosis and tuberculosis surveillance as well as HIV treatment and care.
在624名南非金矿工人停止工作18个月后，对矽肺病、肺结核和慢性阻塞性肺病的负担情况进行了描述。
这是一项患病率研究。发放了调查问卷，并进行了肺活量测定、胸部X光检查、结核病调查以及尿液艾滋病毒抗体检测。
参与率为80.1%（624/779），平均年龄49.4岁，平均工作年限25.6年。大多数受试者从事中度（26.5%）或高度（65.4%）粉尘暴露工作。当前吸烟率为35%，曾经吸烟率为61%。尿液中检测到艾滋病毒抗体的比例为22.3%。患病率分别为：矽肺病24.6%，既往肺结核26%，当前肺结核6.2%，气流阻塞13.4%，慢性咳痰17.7%。这些矿工中近50%至少患有一种上述呼吸道疾病。
这组 former goldminers 中存在着沉重的矽肺病、肺结核和慢性阻塞性肺病负担。南非金矿需要加强工作场所的粉尘控制措施以及结核病和艾滋病毒预防活动。在劳务输出社区，需要对矽肺病和结核病监测以及艾滋病毒治疗与护理进行投资。
