Henderson Kenneth S
Molecular Diagnostics, Charles River, Wilmington, MA, USA.
Lab Anim (NY). 2008 Jul;37(7):314-20. doi: 10.1038/laban0708-314.
Murine norovirus (MNV), a recently discovered viral agent of laboratory mice, is closely related to human norovirus, a contagious pathogen known to cause gastroenteritis. The prototype strain of MNV (MNV-1) was first isolated and characterized in 2003 as a sporadic, lethal pathogen in certain strains of immunocompromised knockout mice. Serological surveillance data from mouse colonies throughout the US and Canada have since shown that MNV is highly prevalent. Because MNV is unique among norovirus strains in its ability to replicate in cell culture, it serves as the most accessible model to elucidate the mechanisms of infection and replication of human norovirus. The author discusses the genetic diversity of MNV, its prevalence, pathology and potential research implications, as well as techniques for detection and eradication of this virus.
小鼠诺如病毒（MNV）是最近发现的实验小鼠病毒病原体，与人类诺如病毒密切相关，人类诺如病毒是一种已知可引起肠胃炎的传染性病原体。MNV的原型毒株（MNV-1）于2003年首次分离并鉴定，是某些免疫缺陷基因敲除小鼠品系中的一种散发性致死病原体。自那以后，来自美国和加拿大各地小鼠群体的血清学监测数据表明，MNV非常普遍。由于MNV在诺如病毒毒株中具有在细胞培养中复制的独特能力，它是阐明人类诺如病毒感染和复制机制的最易获取的模型。作者讨论了MNV的遗传多样性、流行情况、病理学和潜在研究意义，以及检测和根除这种病毒的技术。
