Worthington K J, Currie R J W, Jones R C
Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Neston, South Wirral, UK.
Avian Pathol. 2008 Jun;37(3):247-57. doi: 10.1080/03079450801986529.
A survey of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) genotypes in poultry flocks in selected countries in Western Europe was carried out between March 2002 and December 2006. Identification of IBV was by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of RNA extracted from oropharyngeal swabs taken from poultry flocks exhibiting signs of clinical disease thought to be attributable to IBV. Part of the hypervariable S1 gene of IBV was sequenced to differentiate between the various genotypes. During the survey, 4103 samples were processed, of which 2419 (59%) were positive for IBV. The predominant IBV genotypes detected were 793B and Massachusetts. The third and fourth most common genotypes were two new economically important field types: Italy02, and a virus similar to genotypes originally detected in China called QX. Analysis of the partial S1 sequences of the genotypes detected suggested that approximately 50% of all 793B, Massachusetts types and D274 IBVs were identical to the homologous commercially available live vaccines. Since 2004 the prevalence of Italy02 (present in all countries from which samples were received) has been declining in all countries except Spain, where it appeared to be the predominant genotype. Since 2004 an IBV genotype has been detected in Holland, Germany, Belgium and France similar to QX and the incidence has increased. QX was not detected in the United Kingdom or Spain. When detections thought to be attributable to vaccines were removed, the dominant genotype in France and Europe overall was 793B; in Germany, Holland and Belgium, it was QX-like IBV; and in the United Kingdom and Spain the dominant genotype was Italy02. The present study is the first to identify the prevalence of both Italy02 and QX field-type variants in poultry flocks in Western Europe. Several novel genotypes have also been detected.
2002年3月至2006年12月期间，对西欧部分国家的家禽群中的传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）基因型进行了一项调查。通过对从表现出被认为可归因于IBV的临床疾病迹象的家禽群采集的口咽拭子中提取的RNA进行逆转录聚合酶链反应来鉴定IBV。对IBV的高变S1基因的一部分进行测序以区分各种基因型。在调查期间，共处理了4103个样本，其中2419个（59%）IBV呈阳性。检测到的主要IBV基因型是793B和马萨诸塞型。第三和第四常见的基因型是两种新的具有经济重要性的田间类型：Italy02，以及一种与最初在中国检测到的基因型相似的病毒QX。对检测到的基因型的部分S1序列分析表明，所有793B、马萨诸塞型和D274 IBV中约50%与同源的市售活疫苗相同。自2004年以来，Italy02（在所接收样本的所有国家中均有出现）在除西班牙以外的所有国家中的流行率一直在下降，在西班牙它似乎是主要基因型。自2004年以来，在荷兰、德国、比利时和法国检测到一种与QX相似的IBV基因型，且发病率有所增加。在英国或西班牙未检测到QX。当去除被认为可归因于疫苗的检测结果后，法国和整个欧洲的主要基因型是793B；在德国、荷兰和比利时，是QX样IBV；在英国和西班牙，主要基因型是Italy02。本研究首次确定了西欧家禽群中Italy02和QX田间型变体的流行情况。还检测到了几种新的基因型。
