Atreya Kishor
Aquatic Ecology Centre, Kathmandu University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Int J Environ Health Res. 2008 Jun;18(3):187-208. doi: 10.1080/09603120701694083.
Agriculture intensification has pushed farmers to use pesticides for maintaining agricultural productivity and to increase income. However, pesticide use has a significant negative impact on farmers' health. In Nepal, uses of pesticides have been already documented in agriculturally intensified areas, however, little is known on health impacts. Weekly interviews were conducted during 2005 to assess the emerging pesticide problems, estimate the magnitude of pesticide-related acute illness, and identify associated risk factors. The study showed that very few farmers have adopted safety gear during pesticide spraying. The safety measures regression shows that warm temperature and drinking habits significantly reduced adoption of safety gear, whereas, integrated pest management (IPM) training and farm experience increased its adoption. The dose-response analyses showed that use of insecticides or fungicides, spray duration and mixing pesticides significantly affect farmer's health, which could be reduced either by educating farmers, increasing the use of safety gear, or reducing mixtures applications.
农业集约化促使农民使用农药以维持农业生产力并增加收入。然而，农药的使用对农民健康有重大负面影响。在尼泊尔，农业集约化地区已记录了农药的使用情况，但对其健康影响却知之甚少。2005年期间进行了每周一次的访谈，以评估新出现的农药问题、估计与农药相关的急性疾病的严重程度，并确定相关风险因素。研究表明，很少有农民在喷洒农药时采用安全防护装备。安全措施回归分析表明，温暖的气温和饮酒习惯显著降低了安全防护装备的采用率，而病虫害综合防治（IPM）培训和农场经验则增加了其采用率。剂量反应分析表明，杀虫剂或杀菌剂的使用、喷洒持续时间和农药混合使用显著影响农民健康，通过对农民进行教育、增加安全防护装备的使用或减少混合制剂的使用，可以降低这种影响。
